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Types of Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures

Learn about pure substances and mixtures, including their definitions and classifications. Compare and contrast the two types of pure substances and explore different types of mixtures such as heterogeneous mixtures, suspensions, homogeneous mixtures (solutions), and colloids. Discover the characteristics and properties of each type and understand how they can be physically separated.

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Types of Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures

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  1. Types of Matter 9/26/19 Objectives: 1. Define & distinguish pure substances and mixtures. 2. Define, distinguish, and classify types of mixtures, including: Hetrerogeneous, suspension, homogeneous, solution, colloid Task: JE: Compare and contrast the two types of pure substances. If you’re not sure what those are, water is an example of one type, and hydrogen is an example of the other.

  2. Is salt water a pure substance? Explain why or why not.

  3. 5) Pure Substances A. Contain only one type of matter • One type of element • One type of compound • Compounds can be broken down chemically by breaking bonds of a molecule • Elements can only be broken by breaking atomic nuclei in a nuclear reaction. • Neither original substance will remain the same.

  4. MIXTURES A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that can be separated physically. JE: work with your neighbor(s) to list substances that could be found in a kitchen or garage and classify them as 1) elements, 2) compounds or 3) mixtures.

  5. Element Compound Mixture

  6. 1. Mixtures A. Physical combination of two or more substances B. Can be separated physically C. No fixed ratio

  7. 2. Heterogeneous Mixtures • Substances can be easily distinguished and separated • Unevenly mixed • Ex: sand and gravel, concrete, trail mix.

  8. 3. Suspensions A. A heterogeneous mixture which consists of a liquid with visible particles that settle out B. Ex: muddy pond water

  9. 4. Homogeneous Mixtures • Substances are well mixed and appear the same throughout • Also called solutions • Ex: sugar water, salt water

  10. 5. Solutions • The solute (sugar) dissolves in the solvent (water) to form a solution (sugar water). • A concentrated solution contains more solute than a dilute solution. • Ex: Kool-Aid, iced tea, brewed coffee

  11. 6. Colloids • Like a heterogeneous mixture because it contains different things in varying proportions • Like a homogenous mixture because the components won’t settle if left standing • Ex: milk, fog • When shining a light through a colloid, you can see the beam because it reflects off of the larger particles.

  12. The mixture on the left is a solution. The mixture on the right is a colloid.

  13. Let’s visually summarize what we know about matter. • What can we add to this map?

  14. Matter _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Types of Matter • Mixture • _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Pure Substance • _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Element • _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Compound • _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Homogeneous Mixture • _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Heterogeneous Mixture • _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Suspension • _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Solution • _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Colloid • _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  15. Review • What are the 3 types of matter? • Which are pure? • What are the 2 main types of mixtures? • How are the 2 types of mixtures different?

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