European Nations Settle North America

1. European Nations Settle North America Mr. Barchetto Notes #3

2. European movement EUROPEAN MOVEMENT ONTO NATIVE AMERICAN LAND What European countries do you see in North America? (besides Spain) v Why do you think they are not further south?

4. The French • French settle Quebec (1608) & Montreal (1642) and what would become Canada • Control St. Lawrence River & access to interior of North America • Develop a fur trade • By 1682 also control Mississippi River

5. Explorers Sailing For France • Jacques Cartier- France - Reached St. Lawrence River - Claimed Eastern Canada for France – 1535 • Samuel de Champlain- France - “Father of New France” - Established Quebec (the 1st permanent French colony in N. America) - Established settlements and explored Maine, Montreal & Nova Scotia –1608 • Jacques Marquette & Louis Joliet- France - Were the first Europeans to travel the Mississippi River—1673 • Sieur de La Salle- France –wound his way down the Mississippi, claiming the entire Mississippi watershed in the name of France. Two years later, French king Louis XIV supplied LaSalle with ships and colonists to return to the mouth of the Mississippi, and to further strengthen France's claim to the area—1682

6. European Colonization The Dutch • Like the French, the Dutchfocused on the fur trade • Sent only a few men to settlements • Found Albany (New York, 1614) on Hudson River • New Netherland (becomes New York) is an extension of the Dutch global trade system • Dutch & French form alliances with Native Americans—increase warfare.

7. Explorers Sailing For The Netherlands • Henry Hudson- English sailing for the Dutch - Searching for Northwest Passage - Claimed Hudson River - Settlers established New Netherlands (New York) - 1609

8. The English • Jamestown – 1607 • 70% death rate • Gold?Tobacco • 1st permanent settlement • Hudson Bay—1610 • Year after sailing for Dutch Henry Hudson explores the Hudson Bay in Canada • James, Duke of York – 1664 • ousts Dutch (New York) • English colonists • 1.3M by 1750

9. Explorers Sailing For The English • Henry Hudson– English claims Hudson Bay in Canada—1510 • Sir Walter Raleigh– English establishes Roanoke.England’s First Attempt in America leads to Failure—1585 • John Smith–English was one of 105 settlers who sailed from England on December 19, 1606, and landed in Virginia on April 26, 1607. Settlers established Jamestown on May 24, 1607; it became the first permanent English settlement in North America—1607

10. explorers

11. EUROPEAN North American Claims in 1750 What could you infer (guess) about the proximity of both the French and British land holdings in 1770?

12. Competition in North America Heats Up… • Seven Years’ War 1756 • Competing Powers: Britain and France • Clashed all over the world • French and Indian War 1754-1763 • In the middle of the 18th century, France and England had competing claims for land in North America. The French held trapping and trade routes in the Ohio Valley. The English colonies were encroaching on French territory as the population grew. They also competed over trade issues with the Native Americans in the disputed region. • Treaty of Paris 1763 ended the world wide war • Gave British dominance in North America • France’s domination in Canada and land west of the Mississippi was lost. • Rather see the British take over their land west of the Mississippi France made a deal with Spain, right before the Treaty of Paris was signed, given them the land!

13. THE WORLD BY 1770