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Grade 11 Review. Speed of light, regardless of frame of reference!. C = 299 792 458 m/s C = 3.00 x 10 8 m/s (to three sig. figs.). Pinhole Camera. Laws of Reflection. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection
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Speed of light, regardless of frame of reference! • C = 299 792 458 m/s • C = 3.00 x 108 m/s (to three sig. figs.)
Laws of Reflection • The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection • The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal all lie in the same plane
Rays: the path taken by light • Parallel rays do not cross • Converging rays come together • Diverging rays spread out
Refraction and Partial Reflection Question: What happens when an incident ray approaches along the normal?
And so… But,
Example 1 • A water wave has a wavelength of 2.0 cm in the deep section of a tank and 1.5 cm in the shallow section. If the speed of the wave in the shallow water is 12 cm/s, what is its speed in the deep water? • [16cm]
Refraction • When water waves travel obliquely (not directly into) a slower medium, the wave ray bends toward the normal. • When they travel obliquely into a faster medium, the wave ray bends away from the normal. • It can be shown geometrically that the angle of incidence of the wave ray to the normal is the same as the angle of incidence of the wave front to the boundary. • It can also be shown geometrically that the angle of refraction of the wave ray to the normal is the same as the angle of refraction of the wave front to the boundary.
Snell’s Law (Alternate Version) But, So
Example 2 • A 5.0 Hz water wave, travelling at 30 cm/s in deep water, enters shallow water so that the angle between the incident wave in deep water and the boundary is 50°. If the speed of the wave in shallow water is 27 cm/s, what is: • The angle of refraction in shallow water? • 44° • The index of refraction for the media? • 1.1 • The wavelength of the wave in shallow water? • 5.4 cm