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Persuasive Techniques. “Selling” your idea to others. What is persuasion?. Persuade= convince At some point we’ve all wanted to persuade someone to do or think something. Example: Car salesmen persuade people to buy cars Politicians persuade people to vote for them.
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Persuasive Techniques “Selling” your idea to others
What is persuasion? • Persuade= convince • At some point we’ve all wanted to persuade someone to do or think something. Example: Car salesmen persuade people to buy cars Politicians persuade people to vote for them
Tip 1: Facts are the ticket! What is a fact? Information that could be proven and checked Passages based mostly on facts are credible and could be checked.Passages based mostly on opinions are not reliable because opinions are based on each individual.
Watch for opinion words Amazing wonderful Awesome enjoyable Awful impressive Can you think of any others?
Modes of persuasion (cont) • Appeal to authority of speaker: (ETHOS) Advertisements that have facts made by doctors and other prominent people who we should trust are telling the truth because they are knowledgeable about the topic. Example: 9 out of 10 Dentists recommend Crest as the best toothpaste to kill germs and give you fresh breath.
Modes of persuasion (cont) Appeal to logic: (LOGOS)Advertisements that throw out facts and figures to convince the audience is based on logic, but sometimes could confuse the readers.Example: “Buying energy efficient light bulbs reduces energy consumption by 15% and who doesn’t want to save the Earth?”
Modes of persuasion Appeal to emotion: (PATHOS)Advertisements focus on making their subjects feel happy toward that subject or angry enough to want to defend it. Example: Politicians show their passion toward wanting to help the city and get rid of crime and other evils.
Tip 2: Propaganda techniques appeal to emotions rather than reason Propaganda takes opinion statements to the next level in an effort to persuade people to act primarily based on their emotions without really taking into consideration the facts Example: Super Bowl commercials are funny. They make you laugh, and not focus so much on the facts.
Propaganda Techniques • Bandwagon effect: suggests that most people feel positively about the issue Ex:“Everyone wears Levis jeans. You should wear them too.” This is an example of: ________________ • Name calling: make accusations that don’t give facts to support the point.Ex: “Mayor Carlos Alvarez is a crook”This is an example of:_________________
Propaganda Techniques • Stereotyping: When someone makes oversimplified, inaccurate or unfair images of a group to make a point. “My opponent is supported mostly by teenagers and we all know that teenagers don’t understand politics at all.” This is an example of: __________________
Tip 3: Identify the intended audience What is an intended audience? The people who the author wants to target.Example: a review of last week’s hip-hop concert in Miami by a rock music magazine is most likely intended for an audience that is young and loves music.Why is this important to know?
Tip 5: Recognize the author’s argumentImplicit vs Explicit Explicit: When an author tells you specifically what he/she is arguing for or against Implicit: When the author never actually says what he or she is arguing for. You can identify an implicit argument by adding up the key points the author makes.
Example Although garlic leaves a foul smell in the mouth it has many positive effects. It contains important vitamins such as Vitamin A and C, phosphorus and potassium. Garlic is also easy to grow in a garden because it is easy to maintain. Furthermore, it can be used in sauces, meats, fish, etc. What is the author arguing for/against?
Tip 6: A biased argument withholds facts What is a bias? A preference toward one topic or another Sometimes authors leave out negative facts about a particular subject to keep the points positive. Why would they do that?
Tip 7: Identify rhetorical devices • What are rhetorical devices? Tricks that authors use to make their writing more convincing. They use many tools • Alliteration: makes sentences memorable or snappy. Example: Lovely ladies love limousines • Analogy: comparison of similar ideas, used to explain complex situation comparing it to a simpler oneExample: Scientists say that finding the cause of the reactor meltdown was like dong a jigsaw puzzle in the dark.
Rhetorical Devices (cont) 3. Example: using an example or story to make a pointExample: Hard work pays off. For example, a boy who spends four hours a day practicing the violin. He will grow up one day to be a successful musician. 4. Hyperbole: an exaggeration for effectI could think of a million things I’d rather do than listen to one second of country music
Rhetorical Devices (cont) • 5. rhetorical question: a question that makes the reader think, but which does not require an answer. The answer is obvious to the reader. Example: Would anyone really suggest giving the death penalty for jaywalking? • 6. quotaton: using a famous person’s words or a wise sayingExample: “In the words of the famous proverb, ‘He who laughs last, laughs best.’”
