Colorado Football Officials Association

1. Colorado Football Officials Association Substitution and Participation

2. It Makes a Difference • Illegal Substitution/Substitution Infraction – Six types • Illegal Participation – 11 types

3. Types of Illegal Substitution • Replaced player does not leave immediately. • Replaced player or sub unsuccessfully attempts to withdraw

4. Types of Illegal Substitution • Replaced player, sub, or player leaves field before the snap other than on his team’s sideline. • Sub becomes a player and withdraws or player withdraws and re-enters during the same dead-ball interval.

5. Types of Illegal Substitution • Entering sub not on his team’s side of NZ at the snap and does not participate. • Sub enters the field during down, but does not participate.

6. Not a Foul • Breaking the huddle with 12 players. • Sub enters: • Immediately recognizes his error, and • Returns to sideline

7. The Penalty • Illegal Substitution – Five yards • Enforcement varies

8. Penalty Enforcement • Illegal Substitution – Live-Ball foul – previous spot • Replaced player or sub unsuccessfully attempts to withdraw. • Entering sub not on his team’s side of the NZ at the snap and does not participate.

9. Penalty Enforcement • Illegal Substitution – Dead Ball fouls – succeeding spot • Replaced player does not leave field immediately • Replaced player, sub or player leaves field prior to the snap on other than his team’s sideline • Sub becomes a player and withdraws or a player withdraws and re-enters during the same dead ball interval

10. Penalty Enforcement • Illegal Substitution – Live Ball fouls – succeeding spot • Sub enters the field during down – does not participate – non-player foul

11. Types of Illegal Participation • 12 players in formation at the snap • Simulating replacements to deceive

12. Types of Illegal Participation • Entering substitute not on his team’s side of the neutral zone at the snap participates • Team A or K player inadvertently goes out of bounds and returns • Player intentionally goes out of bounds and returns • Substitute enters the field during the down and participates

13. Types of Illegal Participation • Disqualified player participates • Disqualified player re-enters and is noted before the snap • Injured player not replaced for one down • Player lies on the ground • Non-player hinders an opponent outside the field of play

14. The Penalty • Illegal Participation – 15 yards • Enforcement varies

15. Penalty Enforcement • Illegal participation – Live Ball foul – previous spot • 12 players in formation at the snap/kick • Injured player not replaced for one down • Simulating replacements to deceive • Player lies on the ground • DQ’d player participates

16. Penalty Enforcement • Illegal Participation – All-But-One Principle • Entering Sub not on his side of the NZ at the snap and participates • Team A or K goes OOB and returns • Sub enters the field during the down and participates • Non-player hinders an opponent outside the field of play

17. Penalty Enforcement • Illegal Participation – Live Ball foul – succeeding spot • DQ’d player re-enters and is noted before the snap.

18. Key Mechanics • Referee must know how many players in the huddle. • Wings must monitor their sideline.

19. What To Look For • Make sure departing players leave the field.

20. Consider Discretion • Any act that occurs because of confusion.

21. Illegal Substitution • Illegal Substitution – Live Ball fouls – previous spot • Replaced player or sub unsuccessfully attempts to withdraw • Entering sub not on his team’s side of the NZ at the snap and d/n participates • Illegal Substitution – Dead Ball fouls – succeeding spot • Replaced player d/n leave field immediately • Replaced player, sub or player leaves field prior to the snap on other than his team’s sideline • Sub becomes a player and withdraws or a player withdraws and re-enters during the same dead ball interval • Illegal Substitution – Live Ball fouls – succeeding spot • Sub enters the field during down – d/n participate – non-player foul

22. Illegal Participation • Illegal participation – Live Ball fouls – previous spot • 12 players in formation at the snap/kick • Injured player not replaced for one down • Simulating replacements to deceive • Player lies on the ground • DQ’d player participates • Illegal Participation – All but one • Entering Sub not on his side of the NZ at the snap and participates • Team A or K goes OOB and returns • Sub enters the field during the down and participates • Non-player hinders an opponent outside the field of play • Illegal Participation – Live Ball fouls – succeeding spot • DQ’d player re-enters and is noted before the snap

23. Thanks for your attention.