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Chapter 12: The Early Middle Ages Section 2: Feudalism and the Manor System. SW@GG_K!DD95 World History Period 1. A. The Viking Invasions of Europe. Main idea: The Vikings began raiding in the 19 th century. A. The Viking Invasions of Europe. The Crisis of Power in England
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Chapter 12: The Early Middle AgesSection 2: Feudalism and the Manor System SW@GG_K!DD95 World History Period 1
A. The Viking Invasions of Europe • Main idea: The Vikings began raiding in the 19th century.
A. The Viking Invasions of Europe • The Crisis of Power in England • Raiding parties attacked and settled land along the Seine River in northern Europe, which today is known as Normandy. • The most important campaign was by William of Normandy. • Reports said that William had been chosen to inherit the throne of Europe from King Edward the Confessor, who had no children.
A. The Vikings Invasions of Europe • The Normandy Conquest • William of Normandy invaded England in October 1066. • The Normans defeated England at the Battle of Hastings. • William of Normandy was crowned king on Christmas 1066 and now he is known as King William the Conqueror.
B. Feudalism Main idea: Changes came quick when Normandy took over. Everybody who had supported Harold lost their land to King William the Conqueror.
B. Feudalism • Land Grants and Service • In a feudal society, a king might grant a large parcel of land to a lord called a manor. • In exchange, the lord would promise the king his loyalty. • The lord can divide his manor into smaller portions and give each portion to another person.
B. Feudalism • Knighthood • In the early middle ages, the lord of a manor was, by definition, a noble and a knight. • He had to earn his land as a reward for military service to the King. • Knights were supposed to behave according to a code of conduct called Chivalry. This code required knights to be loyal, brave, and honest.
B. Feudalism • Importance of Castles • Many castles were surrounded by water. • Castles were built for the protection of Kings and their family from other lords. • Castles had man rooms that their families lived, but other rooms kept supplies, weapons, and horses.
B. Feudalism • Women in the Middle Ages • Women’s rights in the middle ages were below the men. • Women were aloud to have land, but when they marry the man owns the property. • Daughters of nobles marriages were for political, territorial gains.
C. The Economics of Feudalism • Main Idea: During the middle ages, technology improved many people lives.
C. The Economics of Feudalism • Peasant • Some peasants were able to move from place to place as wish, but most were serfs. • Serfs were peasants who were supposed to stay on the land that they worked. • Serfs were obligated to be sold when the sale gets sold.
C. The Economics of Feudalism • Technology Brings Improvement of Farming • By the 19th century, Europe had improved. • The new iron plow made farming much easier. • As new lands opened up, conditions for peasants and serfs were improved.