The Skeletal System

1. The Skeletal System

2. Objective 1 Identify the subdivisions of the skeleton as axial or appendicular

3. The Skeletal System • Parts of the skeletal system • Bones (skeleton) • Joints – point of movement • Cartilages – protection • Ligaments – connect bone to bone • Divided into two divisions • Axial skeleton • Appendicular skeleton

4. The Axial Skeleton • Forms the longitudinal, central part of the body • Divided into three parts • Skull

5. The Skull Figure 5.7

6. The Axial Skeleton • Forms the longitudinal, central part of the body • Divided into three parts • Skull • Vertebral column

7. The Vertebral Column • Vertebrae separated by intervertebral discs • The spine has a normal curvature • Each vertebrae is given a name according to its location Figure 5.14

8. The Axial Skeleton • Forms the longitudinal, central part of the body • Divided into three parts • Skull • Vertebral column • Bony thorax

9. The Bony Thorax • Forms a cage to protect major organs • Made-up of three parts • Sternum • Ribs • Thoracic vertebrae Figure 5.19a

10. The Appendicular Skeleton • Limbs (appendages) – all arm and leg bones • Pectoral girdle • Clavicle, scapula

11. Bones of the Shoulder Girdle Figure 5.20a–b

12. The Appendicular Skeleton • Limbs (appendages) – all arm and leg bones • Pectoral girdle • Clavicle, scapula • Pelvic girdle • Ilium, ishium, pubic bone

13. The Pelvis Figure 5.23a

14. Objective 2 List 5 functions of bones.

15. Functions of Bones • Protection of soft organs (ribs/lungs & Heart, skull/brain) • Support of the body (keeps us up) • Movement due to attached skeletal muscles and levers (joints) • Storage of minerals (calcium and phosphorus) and fats • Blood cell formation …in the marrow (center) of long bones