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What can be learned from and done with micro-census data? Three issues: ● The institutionalization of vulnerable populations ● Basis for populations at risk, by categories such as social class , religion ● Stimulus for adapted methods for indirect estimation of demographic parameters.
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What can be learned from and done with micro-census data? Three issues: ● The institutionalization of vulnerable populations ● Basis for populations at risk, by categories such as social class, religion ● Stimulus for adapted methods for indirect estimation of demographic parameters
David Reher, Family ties in Europe: Persistent contrast, Population and Development Review, 24(2) 203-234 ● Center and North of Europe characterized by weak family ties ● Mediterranean by strong family ties Countries with weak family ties ● Young adults set up households of their own at a relatively young age ● Provision of care to vulnerable family members largely accomplished through public and private institutions ● Divergent practices rooted in the collective culture ● Evidencerestricted to few countries and time periods
In weak family systems ultimate responsibility for wellbeing of the elderly with collectivity ● Institutionalized populations far higher levels in northern Europe ● Lower degrees of institutionalization related to religion ● Great variety of public institutions -- orphanages, homes for unwed mothers, old age homes – ● Demographic changes affected the composition of these "vulnerable" populations. ● Practically no estimates of the long-term development, regional variation
Census micro data ● May prove of help for study residential patterns of young children, widows, widowers, spinsters and elderly for different periods and regions ● For long periods information on sex, age, marital status (regional origin and social class) of persons living in institutions ● Role of religion in the process of institutionalization of elderly and other vulnerable groups
Calculation of populations at risk Populations at risk, classified by variety of categories (age, social class, religion, marital status) In combination with vital registration data ● Occurrence/exposure rates for a variety of topics by aggregation ●Link registration data individually Example: differences in mortality by social class ● Direct linkages of deaths following year of census to occupational information in census ●Linkageof numbers of deaths by social class in years around the census to aggregated numbers Occurrence/exposure rates for study of differential fertility
Indirect techniques for demographic estimation Varietyof methodsforestimating fertility, nuptiality and mortality levels and patterns Some methods directly applicable to the micro-level datasets For othersseriousinvestmentin time necessary to find out whether they can be adapted ● Estimation of the singulate mean age at marriage ● For estimates of adult mortality, orphanhood method ● Proportions widowed in first marriages