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CHAPTER 3 SECTION 1

CHAPTER 3 SECTION 1. LIFE IN THE NEW NATION. AMERICA’S POPULATION. Between 1780-1830-the population increased by 10 million. Most families had 5 children each. ½ the population was under 17. TERRITORIAL EXPANSION. Many families moved north of the Ohio River (Northwest Territory).

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CHAPTER 3 SECTION 1

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  1. CHAPTER 3 SECTION 1 LIFE IN THE NEW NATION

  2. AMERICA’S POPULATION • Between 1780-1830-the population increased by 10 million. • Most families had 5 children each. • ½ the population was under 17.

  3. TERRITORIAL EXPANSION • Many families moved north of the Ohio River (Northwest Territory). • No slavery, but settlers didn’t want free blacks there b/c of competition, so made laws to discourage it. • Native Americans lost their lands to the government in treaties and were forced west of the Miss. River.

  4. Florida • Many settlers moved to Florida. • Florida belonged to Spain, but Spain wasn’t paying attention to settlers. • Seminole attacked settlers and let escaped slaves live w/them. • General Jackson was in charge of protecting settlers in Florida. Veteran of War of 1812. • Jackson invaded Florida and claimed it for the United States. • Signed the Adams-Onis Treaty.

  5. ADAMS-ONIS TREATY • Spain gave up Florida. • Gave up the Pacific Northwest. • Decided on border of Louisiana Purchase and gave up Texas. • United States stretched from the Atlantic to the Pacific.

  6. TEXAS • Texas belonged to Mexico (Mexico gained independence from Spain 1821) • In 1822 settlers began moving to TX. • By 1835-30,000 immigrants lived in TX. • Americans demanded more rights from Mexico. • Santa Anna declared himself a dictator and took Texas self-government away, Texas decided to rebel.

  7. TEXAS INDEPENDENCE • In Feb. 1836, Santa Anna reached the Alamo. Santa Anna killed most of the Texans. • Santa Anna ordered the killing of 300 prisoners at Goliad. • On March 2, 1836-Republic of Texas formed. • Texas defeated Mexico at San Jacinto. • Sam Houston first president of Texas.

  8. Oregon Country • Some settlers headed to Oregon Country (Northern CA to Alaska) • Joint occupation with British. • Most Americans there were fur traders. • 1842-Wagon trains across the Oregon Trail looking for trade or land. • Treaty of 1846-US and Great Britain split land on 49th parallel. • Mormons moved to Utah for religious freedom.

  9. SPIRIT OF IMPROVEMENT • Americans believed the general condition of human kind could be improved through education. • Noah Webster created the first major dictionary in America. • Went to school for academics as well as REPUBLICAN VIRTUES-self-reliance, industry, frugality, harmony, and sacrifice of individual needs for that of the community.

  10. ROLE OF WOMEN • Women were to model and teach the Republican Virtues to the men. • Schools starting opening female departments for teaching virtues to women.

  11. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION • An ongoing effort to increase production by using machines powered by sources other than men or animals. • Steam engine- James Watts • Textile Mills-Samuel Slater. • Interchangeable parts-Eli Whitney-all parts made to exact standard. • Cotton gin- Eli Whitney-separates seeds from cotton fibers.

  12. TRANSPORTATION • STEAM POWER-steamboats could travel against current • CANALS-artificial waterways, easy and cheap to carry goods. • ROADS- • RAILROADS-By 1840, more railway than any other country.

  13. COMMUNICATION • EXPANDED POSTAL SYSTEM. • NEWSPAPERS, MAGAZINES, ETC. • FREE EXCHANGE OF IDEAS.

  14. SECOND GREAT AWAKENING • Early 1800s among Protestant Christians. • Democratic-anyone rich or poor could win salvation. • People of church more significant than the ministers. • Revivals-brought back religious life. • Sub-groups formed-Baptists grew to 2nd largest denomination. • Methodists, Unitarians, Mormons • Included whites and blacks. • Sang spirituals • As tensions grew, African Americans started own churches.

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