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Chapter 1: Principles of Pharmacology Psychopharmacology Psychoactive drug

Chapter 1: Principles of Pharmacology Psychopharmacology Psychoactive drug. Drug Categories. Historical Use of a Drug: Opium. Opium Wars. Historical Use of a Drug: Opium. Opium use in Europe and US. US drug laws. Pure Food and Drug Act – 1906 Harrison Act – 1914

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Chapter 1: Principles of Pharmacology Psychopharmacology Psychoactive drug

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  1. Chapter 1: Principles of Pharmacology Psychopharmacology Psychoactive drug

  2. Drug Categories

  3. Historical Use of a Drug: Opium • Opium Wars

  4. Historical Use of a Drug: Opium • Opium use in Europe and US

  5. US drug laws • Pure Food and Drug Act – 1906 • Harrison Act – 1914 • Prohibition (18th amendment) – 1920 • Controlled Substances Act – 1970

  6. The Life of a Drug in the Body • Route of administration (getting it in) • Absorption/ Distribution (getting to the brain) • Binding (how it works) • Metabolism/Deactivation (stopping it) • Excretion (getting rid of it)

  7. Routes of Administration – Getting the drugs in first-pass effect:

  8. Administration of nicotine by smoking or chewing Method of Administration Affects Blood Concentration Routes of Administration – Getting the drugs in

  9. Absorption and Distribution- getting drug to the brain lipid/water-solubility:

  10. Absorption and Distribution- getting drug to the brain lipid/water-solubility HO HO Morphine Heroin http://www.ch.ic.ac.uk/rzepa/mim/drugs/gifs/heroin.gif

  11. Absorption and Distribution- getting drug to the brain ionization:

  12. Absorption and Distribution- getting drug to the brain blood-brain barrier:

  13. Binding- how drug works • Drug depots:

  14. Binding- how drug works Receptors:

  15. Metabolism- stopping drug effect Excretion- getting drug out of body Half-life:

  16. Excretion- getting drug out of body Metabolism- stopping drug effect

  17. The Life of a Drug in the Body • Route of administration (getting it in) • Absorption/ Distribution (getting to the brain) • Binding (how it works) • Metabolism/Deactivation (stopping it) • Excretion (getting rid of it)

  18. Dose–response curve Other Important Concepts

  19. Dose–response curves for four analgesic agents Other Important Concepts Potency:

  20. Comparison effects of a drug Other Important Concepts

  21. Other Important Concepts Effects of Repeated Drug Use • Tolerance: • Is reversible • Not all drug effects show equal tolerance • Types of tolerance • Disposition • Pharmocodynamic • Behavioral

  22. Effects of Repeated Drug Use Other Important Concepts • Sensitization

  23. Other Important Concepts • Therapeutic effects • Side effects

  24. Drug Development and Testing Other Important Concepts

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