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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION . First phase of industrialization had largely been forged from iron, powered by steam engines, and driven by the British textile industry in Great Britain By mid 1800’s Industrial Revolution entered second phase- electricity.

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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

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  1. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

  2. First phase of industrialization had largely been forged from iron, powered by steam engines, and driven by the British textile industry in Great Britain • By mid 1800’s Industrial Revolution entered second phase- electricity

  3. Britain tried to enforce strict rules against exporting inventions • In 1807 British mechanic William Cockerill opened factories in Belgium to manufacture spinning and weaving machines

  4. New Industrial Powers Emerge • United States, Germany, and France enter the race

  5. Nations like the U.S, France, and Germany had more abundant supplies of coal, iron, and other resources than did Britain • Nations had advantage of following Britain’s lead • First American textile factory smuggled plans from Britain

  6. Other nations lacked natural resources or other capital to invest in industry • New nations underwent rapid urbanization • Men, women, and children worked long hours

  7. Because of technological advantage Western powers came to dominate the world • Steel Production improved • Henry Bessemer • Innovations in Chemistry • Alfred Noble • Electric power replaces steam-Thomas Edison • Made the first electric light bulb

  8. New methods of production • Developed interchangeable parts- identical components that could be used in place of one another • Assembly line-Workers on an assembly line add parts to a product moves along a belt from one work station to the next

  9. Transportation and Communication Advances • Steamships replaced sail boats • Trains traveled across the countryside

  10. The automobile was born • Planes took flight- Orville and Wilbur Wright

  11. Telegraph was invented which could send coded messages over wires by means of electricity

  12. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone • Guglielmo Marconi invented the radio

  13. Businesses Take a New Direction • They start selling stock- shares in a company • Stock holders own the corporations • Powerful leaders create monopolies- own iron and coal mines, supply lines, railroads, etc.

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