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Palestinian Water Authority / AFD / Coastal Municipalities Water Utility

5 th World Water Forum-Istanbul 16-22 March 2009 Session1.3.4: Water Management During and After Disasters / Conflicts Managing the Transition between Emergency and Development in an Unstable Environment and Uncertain Future.

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Palestinian Water Authority / AFD / Coastal Municipalities Water Utility

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  1. 5th World Water Forum-Istanbul 16-22 March 2009 Session1.3.4: Water Management During and After Disasters / Conflicts Managing the Transition between Emergency and Development in an Unstable Environment and Uncertain Future Palestinian Water Authority / AFD / Coastal Municipalities Water Utility 1

  2. Interim Legal Framework The Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip (Called “Oslo 2” or “Taba”— 9/28/95) • Although the agreement makes it possible for the Palestinians to negotiate as an independent party, the resolution of the conflict requires Israel commitment! • This does not remove Israel’s international humanitarian law responsibilities as an Occupying Power! 2

  3. Common Fragility Features • Geographical separation. • West Bank – Classification (Zone A, B, C). • Gaza Strip – Full closure regime. • All territory bounded to the Israeli Economy. • Full dependency on donations which are often politically driven. 3

  4. Water Fragility Features • Israel Control of ALL Transboundary Water Resources • Dependency on Israeli Water Provider (Mekorot) in WB. • Israeli Approval of all projects in WB. 172 projects with value 60MUSD not approved. • Dependency of W&WW Facilities Operation on restricted sources of energy in Gaza. • Non-functioning key water institutions e.g. National Water Council. • Limited enforcement of Water Law and regulations. • Major Water infrastructure and operational expenses are not self financed. 4

  5. 1995 5

  6. The Impact of Israeli Control on Crossings into Gaza Strip 6

  7. Impacts of Instability on Major Investment • Very Low Profile of Investment e.g. German commitment for wastewater 120 m Euro since 1995 only 20 m Euro disbursed • Postponing 3 WWTP in Gaza. • Canceling Hebron WWTP. • Canceling Gaza regional water carrier. • Canceling Desalination Plant in Gaza. • Only one WWTP has been constructed in WB. 7

  8. General Impacts of Instability on Services • Declining Consumption rates from156 CM/C/Y 1980 (Pop 1.5m) to 70 CM/C/Y in 2008 (Pop 4.0m), the average in WB is no more than 50 lcd. • 10 % of population in WB is still not connected to WS. • Sewage Collection is 35% in WB and 65% in Gaza. • In the WB 10.2 MCM/y collected through networks (7% is treated) while 18.6 MCM/y is collected through cesspits. • 41% of communities reported infections related to poor water and sanitation services. 8

  9. Impacts on Services / Water Supply (GS) • Management Contract canceled due to instable political situation. • Reluctance of some municipalities to continue the process of functional establishment of CMWU and a paralyzed Regulator (PWA) due to internal conflict. • Difficulties in issuing a unified bill. • Limited Israeli release of materials and spare parts. 9

  10. Cont… • More than 400,000 inhabitants left with no piped water during the last war. • Interrupted water supply due to electricity cut off and lack of fuel and spare parts. • Less than 10 % of the total water supply in GS meeting WHO guidelines. • Lacking of spare parts for routine maintenance resulting in back warding system efficiency. 10

  11. Impacts on Sanitation & Health (GS) • In Gaza 33 MCM/y collected in networks (70% poorly treated) while 10MCM/y in cesspits. • Continuous pollution. e.g. raw sewage and poor effluent disposal to sea (75,000m3/day). • Risk of Sewage flooding • Polluting the aquifer. • Contamination of the water distribution system. 11

  12. Israel’s War on GazaTargeted Basic Water Infrastructure(Example Damages- January 2009) 12

  13. Raw Sewage Floods to Farms GWWTP Partially Treated Effluent Sea Outlet Direct Raw Sewage Sea Outlet Direct Raw Sewage to Streets 13

  14. North Gaza Emergency Sewage Treatment Project (NGEST) • Recognized as the most Humanitarian project among all international actors, UN, EU, WB etc.. As well as Israel • The only Infrastructure Project ongoing since more than three years. • Implemented through special security coordination, positive list. • Interventions by top Global actors, WB, QRO, EU, France. 14

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  16. The Way Forward • PWA is working with key donors in the sector to prepare and finalize the Institution Reform. • PWA published recently a report aiming at: Strategic Refocusing of water Sector Infrastructure in Palestine. The Followings are few important Recommendations: 16

  17. Cont… • Constructing the West Ghor Canal in the West Bank • Constructing a desalination facility serving Gaza. • Strengthening coordination between PWA and the Negotiation Affairs Department in realizing a sustainable future. • Revising the National Water Plan and the Water Law 17

  18. Key Messages • ACCESS first and last (rights, personnel, goods…… • Donors: Pragmatism, Flexibility and strong commitment. • Water must be out of the political conflicts. • Reforming the sector to meet the needed development rather than emergency situation. 18

  19. Thank You 19

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