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The Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution. 1750-1850. SMART START :. 1. What was the Industrial Revolution? 2. How did it impact Europe? What changes occurred? 3. How is this revolution different than others in the past?. BEGINNINGS. What were some contributing factors of the Industrial Revolution?.

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The Industrial Revolution

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  1. The Industrial Revolution 1750-1850

  2. SMART START: • 1.What was the Industrial Revolution? • 2. How did it impact Europe? What changes occurred? • 3. How is this revolution different than others in the past?

  3. BEGINNINGS

  4. What were some contributing factors of the Industrial Revolution?

  5. 1.The Agricultural Revolution • Expansion of more farmland • Improved weather patterns • Improved methods of transportation • New crops from various colonies (Potato= Very pop. in Ireland) • More food= less in price=more affordable • New methods to farm

  6. Examples of the new methods: • Seed drill • Crop rotation • Selective breeding

  7. What will a more abundant and reliable food source cause…?

  8. = soaring population

  9. 2. More food more people • People were eventually forced to move to the city in order for large landowners to fence off more land for growing food • Transition from an suburban society to urban society

  10. 3. Money…Money…Money

  11. So who had the money (Capital)?? • Britain • Ready supply of money (From where???) • Able to invest in new machines/technology • Able to take chances/new opportunities (Entrepreneurs)

  12. 4. Natural Resources • Britain had an abundance in coal and iron ore • Plenty of rivers and waterways for transportation and various other materials and goods

  13. 5. Markets

  14. The Textile Revolution • Began in England early 18th Century (1700’s)

  15. Spinning Jenny 1765 Water frame 1769 (power looms) Changes in Cotton Production

  16. Steam Engine • First non-exhaustible power source

  17. Improved Cotton Industry • Cotton Mills could now use steam powered machines to produce more • SEE last paragraph of page 364 • How fast did the cotton industry grow?

  18. Coal, Iron, Railroads, and Factories

  19. Consumer Revolution more products at cheaper prices begin to work in factories

  20. More people + work available in factories = WHAT?

  21. URBANIZATION What changes and problems will growing cities cause?

  22. REVIEW Agricultural Revolution = growing population = Industrial Revolution

  23. BEGINNINGS • Britain was the first country to have an economy based on industry because…(4 reasons) ?

  24. Why Great Britain? • Resources • Coal and water to power machines • Iron ore to make machines and tools 1

  25. TransportationWhy Great Britain? • rivers • harbors • roads • eventually: railroad system 2

  26. Why Great Britain? • Stable government • Monarchy had agreed to rights for people • Representative democracy/limited monarchy

  27. WealthWhy Great Britain? • Imperialism = resources & markets (more people to buy goods) • banks

  28. Where did the Industrial Revolution Spread to? Examine the chart on page 366 How are Britain and America similar? Different?

  29. SPREAD • Other countries followed England; change economy to industrial base: WHY?

  30. What impact did the Industrial Revolution have on society?

  31. CHANGE • Poor housing, schools, police protection, pollution, sanitation…

  32. Average life expectancy • City: 17 years • Countryside: 38 years

  33. Harsh working conditions • 14-16 hours a day 6 days a week • Low pay

  34. Dangerous machines (many killed and injured) • Unsanitary conditions

  35. Child labor; as young as 6 • families needed the money to survive

  36. Severe factory discipline • Disease and frequent epidemics

  37. Improvements for some…

  38. Middle class improved their lives. • skilled workers • professionals • business people • wealthy farmers

  39. increased gross national product • increased standard of living (wealth) • produced better diets, heated housing, and cheaper, better clothing

  40. created jobs for workers and eventually helped them live better lives

  41. Women come into the workplace

  42. New inventions (electric light)

  43. Railroad was important Transportation = income

  44. Why would a country want to become industrialized?

  45. An industrial economy = more wealth and power

  46. Europe/US begin to imperialize Africa and Asia for raw material and markets

  47. REFORMS New ways of thinking about society and economics…

  48. What are the “economic questions”?

  49. Review Economic Questions • What will be produced? • How will it be produced? • Who will profit?

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