Topic Three: Civil Rights Change Strategies Establishing Foundational Knowledge:

1. Topic Three: Civil Rights Change Strategies Establishing Foundational Knowledge: Interactive Slide Lecture

2. Establishing Foundational Knowledge Interactive Slide Lecture Topic: The Civil Rights Movement Central Question:What actions were civil rights activists justified in using to achieve social justice in the 1960s?

3. 1957

4. Asking Questions of Witnesses • Study the image closely for details. What do you see? • Select 3 people in this picture. What questions would you want to ask these people? • Speculate on how you think those individuals would answer your questions.

6. Foundational Knowledge:Brown v. Board of Education, 1954

7. Integration in Little Rock • 9/3/1957 Governor Faubus orders National Guard to block the entrance of 9 black students to Central High School • 9/20/1957Faubus ordered by federal court to remove National Guard • 9/23/1957 Black students admitted to Central HS but withdrawn after riots • 9/25/1957 Pres. Eisenhower sends federal troops to enforce the desegregation order and escort students to classes • 8/18/1958 Federal judge grants 2 ½ year postponement of integration. U.S. Court of appeals overrules integration postponement • 9/27/1958 Little Rock votes against integration. All public schools are closed for the year • 8/12/1959 Little Rock public high schools re-open. Four black students attend Central High

8. Strategies for Social Change • What strategy for bringing about social change does Little Rock exemplify?

10. Historical Perspective Taking • Study the image carefully. What do you see? • Step into the slide and assume the role of one of the figures • Answer questions posed by a news reporter as you think that person would

12. Sit-In Campaign • February 1, 1960 Sit-ins begin in Greensboro, NC • February 13, 1960 Largest sit-ins begin in Nashville, TN • March 15, 1960 Sit-ins at 10 locations in Atlanta, GA • May 10, 1960 Six Nashville lunch counters begin serving blacks • July 25, 1960 Greensboro lunch counters begin serving blacks • Feb-Dec 1960 Over 70,000 activists have participated in sit-ins throughout South and in some northern cities • September, 1961 Atlanta lunch counters begin serving blacks

13. Strategies for Change • What strategy for bringing about social change does the Sit-In movement exemplify?

15. Document Analysis: Interpreting the Message of a Staged Photograph • Study the image carefully. What do you see? • What are the crucial elements included in this photograph? • Why do you think the various items are included in the photograph? What impressions do those items make with you?

17. Document Analysis: Interpreting the Message of a Staged Photograph • Who do you think is the audience for this photograph? • Taken as a whole, what message does this photograph convey to its audience?

18. Black Panther Party • October 1966: Black Panther Party for Self-Defense founded in Oakland, CA • Advocated self-determination in black communities • Community programs to assist black citizens and spread BPP ideology • Armed Panthers monitor police activity in black neighborhoods • May 1967: Protest at California legislature • BPP chapters form in 25 cities across country • Confrontations with police increase; FBI infiltrates

19. Strategies for Change • What strategy for bringing about social change does the Black Panther movement exemplify?

20. Strategies for Change • What actions were civil rights activists justified in using to achieve social justice in the 1960s? • Working through the Legal System • Non-violent Civil Disobedience • Black Power

21. PIH Curriculum Design Principles Scaffolded Instruction Authenticity Multiple Intelligences Effective Collaboration