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Improving the Lives of 2-1-1 Callers: Call Outcomes and Unmet Needs Sonia Boyum Health Communication Research Laboratory Washington University in St. Louis 2015 AIRS I&R Training and Education Conference Dallas, TX. Call outcomes and unmet needs. Call outcomes study
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Improving the Lives of 2-1-1 Callers: Call Outcomes and Unmet Needs Sonia Boyum Health Communication Research Laboratory Washington University in St. Louis 2015 AIRS I&R Training and Education Conference Dallas, TX
Call outcomes and unmet needs • Call outcomes study • What happens after referrals are given? • 2-1-1 specialist survey • What issues would improve the lives of callers most? • Discussion
Call outcomes study • 2-1-1 Missouri callers • Participants in study on incorporating cancer control referrals into 2-1-1 service • Follow up 1 month after original call • Results for first service request and up to 3 referrals
Sample description • Mean age: 43.5 years • 86% female • 60% African American • 27% < high school education
Outcomes measured at one month For each of 3 referrals • Did you attempt to contact this referral? • Did you reach this referral? • What happened as a result of this contact? • Did you resolve the problem?
Outcomes • Did you attempt to contact this referral? • 91% of callers attempted to contact at least one referral • Why not contact? • Not enough time - 37% • Resolved problem another way -16% • Lost the numbers - 10% • Waiting to call – 8% • Already knew the numbers - 6% • Referrals not helpful - 6% • Other - 37%
Outcomes • Did you reach this referral? • 82% who called a referral reached someone
Outcomes • What happened as a result of this contact? • 36% received assistance • Did not receive assistance: • No funds available 34% • Did not qualify for services 25% • Other reasons 7% • No reason given 34%
Outcomes • What happened as a result of this contact? • 36% of those received assistance • Did not receive assistance: • No funds available 34% • Did not qualify for services 25% • Other reasons 7% • No reason given 34%
Problem resolution • Did you resolve the problem? • ~50% of participants resolved the problem by one month follow up • Received assistance – 70% • Did not receive assistance – 41%
Unmet basic needs (next 30 days) • Not enough money for unexpected expenses • Not enough money for necessities • Not enough living space • Neighborhood safety • No place to stay • Not enough to eat • Physically threatened
Unmet Basic needs Participants had on average 2.4 unmet needs
Problem resolution • Do unmet basic needs, receiving assistance predict whether or not the caller will resolve his or her problem? • Logistic regression model controlled for number of service requests, age, sex, race, income, education, employment status, children in the home, study group from cancer control study
Model results • More likely to resolve problem: • Received assistance (3 times more likely) • Less likely to resolve problem: • Not enough money for necessities (2/3 as likely) • Physical threat (1/3 as likely)
Conclusions • 2-1-1 Missouri is highly effective in connecting callers to needed services • But, need for services greatly exceeded availability • Receiving assistance increases chances of resolving problems
Conclusions • Due to unmet basic needs, some callers may be less likely to solve their problems • How can we explain this? • Outcomes studies can tell us more than just outcomes of referrals • Understand the “why” of outcomes • What can we do to improve outcomes?
The survey • Washington University staff in partnership with AIRS delivered the online survey • Survey invitations sent from AIRS leadership • Participants were from across the US and Canada • Survey administered between Feb 25, 2013 and March 31, 2013.
What is most important for improving the lives of your callers? Ranktop 3 categories
Needs for those with children • Parenting • Child health and health care • Child care • Child development and learning • Home and child safety • Enriching children’s learning beyond school
Within the categories you prioritized, what would help callers most?
If a caller did not ask about this issue, how comfortable would you feel bringing up this subject?
Summary • Parenting, child health and health care, child care were top priority issues • Often high priority subcategories have inadequate resources • 2-1-1 staff report low levels of discomfort with discussing sensitive topics with callers
Summary • Potential proactive role in connecting 2-1-1 callers to resources beyond their primary reason for calling • Highly ranked topics adequate resources • Highly ranked topics inadequate resources
Discussion • Outcomes surveys • Understanding impact of 2-1-1 referrals • What other questions might be relevant to assessing the “why” of call outcomes? • 2-1-1 survey results • Possibility of proactively address needs of callers