1 / 22

Christian Europe 600-1200

Describe the political development of Europe after the fall of Rome. What factors led to the development of feudalism? Who were the Vikings and what effect did they have on Europe? Describe the political and religious significance of the Carolingian Empire and the Holy Roman Empire.

terah
Download Presentation

Christian Europe 600-1200

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Describe the political development of Europe after the fall of Rome. What factors led to the development of feudalism? Who were the Vikings and what effect did they have on Europe? Describe the political and religious significance of the Carolingian Empire and the Holy Roman Empire. What are the root causes of the split between the Western (Latin) and Eastern (Greek) churches? What were the causes and impact of the Crusades? Christian Europe600-1200

  2. I. Fall of Rome • 476 CE Rome falls to Visigoth invaders • Centralized government disappears • Loss of Greek and Roman learning and common language • Transportation, trade and communication halts

  3. II. Long Term Effects • Constant warfare/invasions • Cities abandoned as economic/political centers • Population becomes rural: Political, economic, cultural change in W. Europe • Feudalism develops

  4. III. Stages of Middle Ages • (476-750): No unity. Several small kingdoms form: Franks, Visigoths, Saxons • Viking raids begin • William the Conqueror invades England 1066

  5. (750-814)- Holy Roman Empire under Charlemagne (747-814) prevents Muslims from invading W. Europe. • Some strength/unity but still quite fragmented

  6. 3. (815-1050)- Carolingian Empire falls apart and feudalism becomes dominant social and political system

  7. KINGS • Divides and distributes land (feifdoms) • Pledges loyalty • Sends military • when requested NOBLES(LORDS) • Pledges loyalty • Serves in noble’s military • Provides shelter, protection and means to produce food (serfs) KNIGHTS • Provides shelter, protection and land • Farms the land • Pays rent and taxes PESANTS/SERFS

  8. Social Structure • Nobles- wealthy ruling class that owned all the land: kings, lords, knights • Serfs- largest but poorest part of population. Did most of labor. • Freemen- lived in town; craftsmen who made/sold goods. Not naturally part of feudal system.

  9. Manorial System • Large estates that were able to meet all of their own needs • Smaller farmers ceded land to nobles for protection • Made up of fields, small town w/ a mill and workshops, a church, and castle

  10. 4. (1050-1300)- Rise of national monarchs brings some stability • Agricultural revolution allows for population increase • Commercial revival: Trade starts up again, cities are repopulated

  11. IV. Western Church • Headed by pope • Crowned Holy Roman Emperor (962) in attempt to combine religious/political power • Investiture Controversy: rulers/popes disagreed over appointing bishops • Monasticism- • Celibacy, devotion to prayer, isolation • Monasteries were centers of learning, inns, refuge for widows

  12. V. Byzantine Empire • Emperor was head of church: Patriarch • Foreign threats: • Sassanids (Iran) • Muslim Arabs take Syria, Egypt, and Tunisia • Schism 1054- split w/ Western Church • Constantinople: well-supplied but rural areas suffered • Body of Civil Law (Corpus Juris Civilis)- later became basis for W. European civil law

  13. VI. Kievan Russia • Poor land- wealth depended on trade • Major cities: Kiev and Novgorod • Vladimir I (980) adopted Orthodox Christianity

  14. VII. Crusades (1100-1250) • Causes: • Religious zeal- wanted to liberate Holy Land • Knights willing to fight for church • Desire for land by Euro. Nobility • Trade interests • Impact: • Ended Europe’s intellectual isolation! Examples?

More Related