Academy of Finland 2012: Research knows no boundaries

1. Academy of Finland 2012: Research knows no boundaries Academy of Finland 2012: Research knows no boundaries R&D activities Academy of Finland Funding opportunities Application procedure and processing of applications Funding decisions

2. Public R&D funding actors Public research funding in Finland

3. R&D in Finland R&D in Finland • • Employs some 80,000 people • • Proportionally more than in any other country • • Some 21 people per 1,000 employed • • R&D funding €7.2 billion in 2011 • • Business companies account for 69% • • Government R&D funding €2.0 billion in 2012 • • €55 million less than in 2011 • • R&D input 3.73% of GDP in 2011 • • Public R&D spending 1.0% of GDP • 16 universities and 27 polytechnics • More than 1,600 doctoral graduates each year

4. R&D expenditure 1991–2011 R&D expenditure in Finland by sector 1991–2011 Total €7.2 billion Source: Statistics Finland 2012

5. Government R&D expenditure 2012 Government R&D expenditure 2012 Total €2.065 billion Source: Statistics Finland 2012

6. R&D investment in OECD R&D investment in selected OECD countries, and in China and Russia (as % of GDP) Source: OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators (Feb2012) , Statistics Finland 2012

7. International publications by Finnish researchers 1991-2010 International scientific articles by Finnish researchers 1991–2011 Source: Thomson Reuters, Web of Sciences Databases, Feb 2012: (Science Citation Index Expanded), SSCI (Social Sciences Citation Index), A&HCI (Arts and Humanities Citation Index)

8. Academy of Finland Academy of Finland The Academy promotes scientific research and its application by: • awarding funding for scientific research, researcher training and the development of framework conditions for research (€327 million in 2012) • advancing and engaging in international scientific collaboration • providing expertise in science policy • undertaking science-policy expert assignments. The Academy has four Research Councils whose operations cover all scientific disciplines. Each year, some 5,000 people benefit from Academy research funding. The Academy has a staff of 150.

9. Vision and strategic objectives Vision and strategic objectives Our vision: • the country᾽s leading source of funding for scientific research • active and major force in the Finnish research and innovation system • strong voice in influencing international science policy. Our strategic objectives: • enhance the quality and impact of research • strengthen the position of scientific research in the Finnish research and innovation system • strengthen the international position and impact of Finnish science.

10. Academy of Finland Strategy Academy of Finland strategy Enhancing the quality and impact of research The Academy promotes: • research that is both of high international quality and ethically sound • the establishment of internationally attractive research environments • the emergence of new scientific breakthroughs • research that seeks new multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary subjects and approaches Strengthening the position of scientific research The Academy is committed to: • enhancing the contribution of high-level scientific research to development aimed at new innovations • putting to the best possible use, both in public policy-making and in business and industry, the results and expertise from the research it has funded • strengthening welfare, education, culture and economic competitiveness Strengthening the international position and impact of Finnish science The Academy: • emphasises the role of scientific research in resolving the grand challenges faced by society • contributes actively to the building of the European Research Area in key areas of research strength • provides opportunities for international collaboration

11. A science and science-policy expert A science and science-policy expert • Science-policy strategies and statements and engagement in public debates on science policy • Review of applications • Evaluation of research: • research programmes • science, research and scientific disciplines • Science and research foresighting and impact analysis: • science indicators • Influencing European and Nordic science policy

12. Evaluation and foresighting (1) Evaluation and foresighting (1) Review of the state of scientific research in Finland: • at three-year intervals, next review due in October 2012 • evaluation process facilitates a long-term follow-up of different disciplines, provides a basis for policy-making in science policy: • reviews the impact of the Finnish research system by applying indicators • discipline-specific review of strengths, areas in need of improvement and recommendations for development • thematic overview of the state of scientific research in Finland in selected research fields represented by the grand challenges faced by society Development of impact assessment and indicators: • Academy and Tekes continue the development project on impact assessment based on 2011 report • describes the key phenomena and indicators of R&D&I (VINDI project)

13. Evaluation and foresighting (2) Evaluation and foresighting (2) • Evaluations of disciplines and fields of research: • • state and quality of research in the field assessed by an international panel • • each year, a few evaluations of fields selected by the Research Councils. • Evaluation of researchprogrammes • Annually evaluations of completed programmes • Evaluation of Strategic Centres for Science, Technology and Innovation • • due to be completed in late 2012 • International evaluation of the Academy of Finland: • • carried out by the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, due in 2013 • Government Foresight 2030, report on sustainable growth and wellbeing in Finland: • • Prime Minister᾽s Office responsible for the preparation of the report, due to be submitted to Finnish Parliament in autumn 2013 • • national foresight process: responsible organ is the Prime Minister᾽s Office, other parties include Academy of Finland, Finnish Innovation Fund Sitra, Tekes, and Ministry of Employment and the Economy, due in early 2013 • • international comparison: partly funded by the Academy, due in early 2014

14. Organisation (brief) Organisation

15. Organisation (large) Organisation

16. Academy research funding Academy research funding • Open competition, fixed-term funding • Total value of funding decisions about €327 million in 2012: • some 3.400 applications in 2011 for about €1.5 billion • success rate less than 20% • Funding granted to the best researchers and the most promising young researchers for cutting-edge research • The funding decisions are based on: • science-policy strategies adopted by the Academy Board • Academy document “Criteria for research funding decisions” • scientific peer review of the research plan and the applicant (independent expert review) • open and transparent decision-making (criteria, processes and decisions are public) • equal treatment of applicants

17. Funding at different stages of the research career Funding at different stages of the research career •Academy Professors: • comprehensive duties and the most demanding research and teaching tasks • scientific and academic leaders in their fields • expected to contribute to the advancement of science within their own discipline • for a maximum of five years at a time. • Academy Research Fellows: • fully-fledged professionals, well prepared to take on academic leadership roles • expected to be able to work successfully at the highest level of science • for five years. • Postdoctoral Researchers: • required to have recently completed their doctorate • funding granted for three years.

18. Funding opportunities Academy funding opportunities

19. Academy Projects Academy Projects • Largest and most important funding opportunity • Promote the quality and diversity of research and its capacity for renewal by providing an opportunity to take on scientifically ambitious research. • The funding is granted to leading-edge researchers and research teams: • primarily teams of researchers with a doctorate • salaries • acquisition of material and equipment • travel • international cooperation

20. Research programmes Research programmes • Clusters of research projects focused on a defined subject area or a set of problems, funded for a fixed period and operated under a coordinated management • Generate added value in comparison to separate, project-based funding • Have a number of science-policy objectives, such as: • to raise the scientific standard of a research field relevant to science or society • to develop a field of research or a scientific discipline • to piece together scattered research capacities • to promote multidisciplinarity and interdisciplinarity • to increase cooperation between researchers, funding agencies and end-users of research results. • Promote international collaboration through: • international networking of programmes • co-funded international programmes.

21. Ongoing Research programmes in 2012 • • Climate Change, FICCA (2011–2014) • • Computational Science, LASTU (2010–2015) • • Nutrition, Food and Health, ELVIRA (2006–2014) *) • • Photonics and Modern Imaging Techniques (2010–2013) • • Responding to Public Health Challenges, SALVE (2009–2012) • • Sustainable Energy, SusEn (2008–2012) *) • • Sustainable Production and Products, KETJU (2006–2013) *) • • The Future of Living and Housing, ASU-LIVE (2011–2015) • • The Health and Welfare of Children and Young People, SKIDI-KIDS (2010–2014) • • Ubiquitous Computing and Diversity of Communication, MOTIVE (2009–2012) • *) International funding cooperation continues • Open for application: • Programmable Materials, OMA • Sustainable Governance of Aquatic Resources, AKVA • Synthetic biology, FinSynbio • The Human Mind, MIND

22. Centres of Excellence (CoE) in Research Centres of Excellence (CoE) in Research Objectives: • to raise the quality standards of research and improve international competitiveness • to increase visibility and esteem • to embed leading-edge research in research, education and technology policy • to develop top-level, innovative and efficient research and researcher training environments Premise: • consist of one or more leading-edge research teams • are at or close to the international cutting-edge of research in their field • have distinct and common research objectives and a common management Finnish CoE programmes since 2000: • 2000–2005 (26 CoEs) • 2002–2007 (16 CoEs) • 2006–2011 (23 CoEs) • 2008–2013 (18 CoEs) • 2012–2017 (15 CoEs) • 2014–2019 (open for application) The Academy participates in two Nordic Centre of Excellence programmes.

23. CoEs 2008-2013 Centres of Excellence Programme 2008–2013

24. CoEs 2008-2013 (2) Centres of Excellence Programme 2012–2017

25. CoE Programmes: Biosciences and environment CoE Programmes: Biosciences and environment

26. CoE Programmes: Culture and society CoE Programmes: Culture and society

27. CoE Programmes: Natural sciences and engineering CoE Programmes: Natural sciences and engineering

28. CoE Programmes: Health CoE Programmes: Health

29. Internationalisation and researcher mobility Internationalisation and researcher mobility Supported in all funding opportunities, such as: • Academy Projects • research programmes and Centre of Excellence Programmes: joint calls and networking • Finland Distinguished Professor Programme • Academy Research Fellows and Postdoctoral Researchers • grants for researcher training and Postdoctoral Researcher at the European University Institute • ERA-NET calls • researcher mobility and other collaboration based on bilateral agreements • international joint calls with foreign funding agencies

30. Academy Professors and Academy Research Fellows Academy Professors and Academy Research Fellows Academy Professors (40): • are top researchers who contribute to the progress of research within their field of research • carry out their own research plan and lead their own research team • provide supervision to junior researchers and teaching associated with the research • are granted funding for a maximum of five years at a time Academy Research Fellows (296): • are provided with a fixed-term opportunity to qualify for advanced research tasks or other expert tasks • have been successfully engaged in scientific research and publication after earning their doctorate • are granted funding for independent scientific work as laid down in the research plan • provide teaching and supervision associated with the research; • are granted funding for a maximum of five years

31. Postdoctoral Researcher Postdoctoral Researchers • Researchers who have recently earned their doctorate and are gaining qualifications as professional researchers • A maximum of four years after gaining the doctorate • Carry out their own research plan and provide supervision of thesis and dissertation writers and teaching • Funding includes funds for salary and research costs • Funding granted for a three-year period

32. FiDiPro Finland Distinguished Professor (FiDiPro) Programme • Joint funding programme of the Academy and Tekes for recruiting foreign or expatriate Finnish top researchers to Finland • Objectives: • to strengthen Finnish scientific and technological knowledge and know-how • to bring a more international element to the Finnish research system • to generate added value for the national innovation system • to support research-driven profiling of universities and research institutes • Recruited for scientifically, technologically and industrially significant fields • Applicant is a Finnish university or research institute • Funding is competition-based and fixed-term • The Academy has funded 35 visiting FiDiPro Professors, Tekes 40 FiDiPro Professors and 12 FiDiPro Fellows.

33. Research infrastructures Research infrastructures • Research infrastructures: • are a pool of research tools, equipment, datasets and services that facilitate and promote research and development at the different stages of innovation • support organised research. • Strategy and updated roadmap of European research infrastructures published in 2010 (ESFRI) • Finnish roadmap in 2009, update due in 2013 • Funding: • 2010–2011: some €28 million allocated for the FIRI call, the ICOS project (Integrated Carbon Observation System) and the bioscience joint consortium (EATRIS, BBMRI and ELIXIR) • 2012: a total of €6.45 million for research infrastructures in line with the Finnish roadmap: ICOS and EATRIS, BBMRI and ELIXIR.

34. SHOK Strategic Centres for Science, Technology and Innovation (Finnish acronym SHOK) • • The Academy activelysupportsresearchwithin the thematicareas of the strategic • centresbyfundingleading-edgeresearchconducted at the centres. • • In 2011, the Academy and itsResearchCouncilsprovidedsome €24.3 million in • funding for researchprojectsaffiliated with strategiccentres. • In addition, €7.2 million was granted for projects within a targeted call in 2011. Call themes: methods and applications of data reserves, and the individual’s susceptibility to infections and biomarkers • • 2012 targetedcallthemes: novelcontrolmethods and userinterfaces and new bioeconomy • chemicals, materials and productiontechnologiesbased on innovativeforest • biomassuse • •themesnotconfined to anyparticularResearchCouncil at the Academy. • • The Academy cooperates with Tekes with a view to developing, funding and • monitoring the strategic

35. Evaluation activities Evaluation activities

36. Processing Processing of applications

37. Review of applications: criteria Review of applications: criteria • Scientific quality and innovativeness of the research plan • Competence of the applicant/research team • Feasibility of the research plan • Quality of the research environment and its strengthening • International and national research collaboration and researcher mobility • Significance of the project for the promotion of professional careers in research and for researcher training • Other research-policy objectives adopted by the Academy

38. Research-policy and other factors affecting funding decisions Research-policy and other factors in funding decisions • Scientific quality • Academy research-policy objectives: • to contribute to the internationalisation of research • to foster multidisciplinarity and interdisciplinarity in research • to implement larger research schemes • to advance the research careers of women and young people • to promote gender equality in research • to boost research that serves Strategic Centres for Science, Technology and Innovation • Funding instrument-specific objectives: • to define special objectives for research programmes • to provide support for Centres of Excellence • Other factors: • funding received from the Academy or from other sources • applicants᾽ ability to manage research funds • good scientific practice (incl. ethical issues) and IPR issues.

39. Decisions 1995–2011 Academy funding decisions 1995–2011

40. Decisions 1995–2011 among Research Councils' fields Academy funding decisions by Research Council domain 1995–2011

41. Funding decisions by Research Council in 2011 Funding decisions by Research Council domain 2011

42. Decisions 2011 Academy research funding decisions 2011 Total €341 million

43. Decisions 2011 by site of research Academy funding decisions by site of research 2011 Total €341 million

44. Decisions 2011 by university Academy funding decisions by university 2011

45. Application success rate (case: general research grants 2000–2011, %) Success rate of funding applications

46. More information More information • Academy of Finland: www.aka.fi/eng • Finnish science policy: www.research.fi/en • For mobile researchers: www.euraxess.fi Thank you!