Topic : Digestive System Aim : Describe the parts and functions of the digestive system. Do Now :

1. Topic: Digestive System Aim: Describe the parts and functions of the digestive system. Do Now: • Pass up your Food Label lab. • Take out your digestive system reading notes. • Identify the life process that requires the food we ingest and digest. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bo2Ape8JHqA HW: Read text pgs. 525-529. Complete p. 529 #’s 1 -5. Write the question and answer.

2. Did you know.... • Americans eat about 700 million pounds of peanut butter. • Americans eat over 2 billion pounds of chocolate a year. • In your lifetime, your digestive system may handle about 50 tons of food!! • What you ate for breakfast that was not digested will come out in about 48 hours-normally. • From intake to outlet, the digestive tract is about thirty feet long.

3. 1. Describe the function (job) of the digestive system. • Breakdown of food into small molecules so that they can be absorbed into the blood and enter your cells

4. 2. Identify the structure where digestion begins (or start). • Mouth • Oral cavity TEETH Incisors Canine Premolars What kind of digestion occurs in your mouth? Molars “Wisdom”tooth Tongue Salivaryglands Opening of asalivary gland duct

5. 3. How does the mouth CHEMICALLY digest food? • Saliva contains the ENZYMEamylase which helps break down CARBOHYDRATESin your food. Where does the saliva come from???

6. Salivary glands release saliva into the mouth.

7. Mumps is a highly contagious viral illness which causes swelling of the parotid gland.

8. A vaccine is given to children above one year of age along with rubella and measles vaccines. IMMRV vaccine also available which gives protection against mumps, measles, rubella and chicken pox.

9. 4. How does the mouth mechanically digest food? • Your teethgrind your food when you chew, and your tongue pushes the food around your mouth.

10. Did you know.... We make 1 to 3 pints of saliva a day. Your teeth started growing 3 months before you were even born. The hardest substance in your body is the enamel on your teeth. As you are sitting there listening, more than 100 million germs are swimming, feeding, reproducing, and making waste in the area behind your lips. In your mouth there are more living things than there are people in Australia and Canada combined.

11. Uvula Through history, scientists have had many theories about the uvula. Among them: • That it once helped guide the flow of food and water. • That it induces the gag reflex. And therefore isn’t the best place to get a piercing. • That it contributed to “chronic cough.” A problem that 19th-century doctors treated with a “simple”“clipping” procedure.

12. Uvula Several such studies have concluded that the uvula is really good at releasing saliva. A lot of saliva, in a really short amount of time. Because the uvula is basically unique to humans, scientists basically agree that it primarily serves as an accessory to speech. You know what it’s like to have your throat go dry before talking to a large group? The uvula is there to provide the proper lubrication for complicated human speech.

14. 5. What is the function of the EPIGLOTTIS? • The epiglottis is a FLAPof SKINthat COVERSthe windpipe when you SWALLOWfood or liquid.

17. 6. What happens when you cough or choke? • When you cough or choke, it means the EPIGLOTTISdid not cover you WINDPIPEsufficiently.

18. 7. Describe the function of the ESOPHAGUS? • It connects your throat to your stomach.

19. 8. How does the esophagus push food down into the stomach? • Smooth muscles on the walls of your esophagus move in a wave motion to direct the food to the stomach. • PERISTALSIS

22. Opening to stomach from the esophagus

23. Topic: Digestive System Aim: Describe the parts and functions of the digestive system. Do Now: Pass up your HW. Complete the exit card using the diagram on the next slide. HW: Midterm Remediation Castle Learning due Thursday.

24. Oral cavity A B Salivary glands Esophagus C E Stomach D F H G I J

25. 9. Describe the function of the stomach.

26. 9. Describe the function of the stomach. • The stomach HOLDSthe food you swallow, where it is BROKEN DOWN food into a liquid mixture by GASTRIC JUICES and strong MUSCLESin stomach wall • MECHANICALand CHEMCIAL digestion

27. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o18UycWRsaA

28. 10. Identify the chemical in the stomach that kills bacteria that may be in the food that you eat. • Hydrochloric acid

30. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SWMWsOXlBwE

31. Did you know.... An adult’s stomach can hold approximately 1.5 liters of material. Food sloshing in the stomach can last 3-4 hours. The stomach's wall is lined with three layers of powerful muscles. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=URHBBE3RKEs

32. SMALL INTESTINE Length = 4-7 meters Why is it called the SMALL intestine?

33. 11. Describe the TWO functions of the small intestine. • Food is further digested. (CHEMICAL digestion is COMPLETED) • Food (nutrients) is absorbed by your body.

34. 12. Identify 3 structures that aid (HELP) in chemical digestion in the small intestine. • Pancreas • Liver • Gall bladder

35. 13. Describe the pancreas, liver and gall bladder aid in chemical digestion in the SI. • Pancreas secretes juices that help digest proteins and fats. (CHEMICAL DIGESTION)

36. 13. Describe the pancreas, liver and gall bladder aid in chemical digestion in the SI. • Liver produces bile and helps the body absorb fats. • Gall bladder stores and secretes bile.

37. Bile emulsifies fats. BILE

38. Liver Stomach Gall bladder Small Intestine Pancreas

39. 14. How are nutrients absorbed in the small intestine? • Wall of SI lined with VILLI(fingerlike projections)

40. Which blood vessels are found inside each villus?

42. Topic: Digestive System Aim: Describe the parts and functions of the digestive system. Do Now: Take out your digestive system reading notes. HW: Midterm Remediation Castle Learning due tomorrow. Flamin’ Hot Cheetos Reading Questions

43. If you stretched out an adult's small intestine, it would be about 22 feet long. • Identify the type of digestion that occurs in the SI. • Identify the structures that help chemically digest food in the SI. • Explain what occurs once digestion in completed. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JCA9HQ795i8

44. VILLI

45. 15. Describe the function of the large intestine. • The large intestine removes most of any remaining minerals or FLUIDS that the body can use from the waste. • Fluid = WATER

46. Did you know.... Within the colon, a typical person harbors more than 400 distinct species of bacteria.

47. 16. Once water is absorbed in the LI, what is the waste called? • Stool • Feces

48. 17. Identify the structure that temporarily stores stool? • Rectum

49. 18. Identify the structure that removes stool from the body. • Anus

50. How the bacteria in the large intestine are beneficial to humans? • Produce vitamins • Bacteria feed on undigested material (cellulose)