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English for Science Citation Styles

English for Science Citation Styles. The reasons for and practice of scientific citation. Different sources. Books; Papers/articles; Personal communications; Internet. Remember that original, English sources are necessary. Citations must be made recognisable by an identifier.

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English for Science Citation Styles

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  1. English for ScienceCitation Styles The reasons for and practice of scientific citation

  2. Different sources • Books; • Papers/articles; • Personal communications; • Internet. • Remember that original, English sources are necessary. • Citations must be made recognisable by an identifier.

  3. To reference or not to reference? • References unnecessary or superfluous: • Common knowledge, text books, dictionaries (translations); • Wikipedia. How can I persuade my teachers to allow me to use Wikipedia as a legitimate research source? Kaitlyn Grigsby, Medina, Ohio. I would agree with your teachers that isn't the right way to use Wikipedia. The site is a wonderful starting point for research. But it's only a starting point because there's always a chance that there's something wrong, and you should check your sources if you are writing a paper. Jimmy Wales. • References necessary: • Specific information (who measured/counted?); • Actual quotations, original ideas. Wales (2007)

  4. Books • Text IDiamond (2005:115ff) proposes … • Text IISocieties choose to survive (Diamond, 2005:120) • ReferencesDiamond, J. (2005): Collapse. Penguin: Richmond. Identifier

  5. Papers/Articles • Text IShermer (2005) proposes … • Text IIPeople believe when logic fails (Shermer, 2005) • ReferencesShermer, M. (2005): Men Who Stare at Goats. Skeptic, 12.1, 105-108. Identifier

  6. Multiple Authors • TextWatson et al. (1953) • ReferencesWatson, J.D., Crick, F.H.C. (1953): A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid. Nature, 171, 737-738. • Note that in this case (two authors) it would also be permissible to use "Watson & Crick (1953)". Identifier

  7. Personal Communications • TextPinker (2006) …Tavris (2000) … • Reference ListPinker, S. (2006): personal communication (email) of December 12, permission granted for citation.Tavris, C. (2000): interview of October 10, .wav file in author's possession. Identifier

  8. Internet – Parts of a URL http://www.fsz.uni-hannover.de/sprachbereiche/englisch/index.htm ProtocollPath to rootHost namePathDocument Host name:= www.Server fsz.uni-hannover.deSite name = identifier +

  9. Multiple Publications • TextNickell (2005a), fsz.uni-hannover.de[1], Nickell (2005b), fsz.uni-hannover.de[2] … • References (alphabetical!)fsz.uni-hannover.de[1]: http://www.fsz.uni-hannover. de/ sprachbereiche/englisch/index.htm, retrieved/accessed March 27, 2007.fsz.uni-hannover.de[2]: another URL at the same identifier but different documentNickell (2005a): the first publication in 2005Nickell (2005b): the next one in 2005

  10. See also (on electronic sources): • American Psychological Association (2009-10): http://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/electronic-references/, accessed October 25, 2010. • Reference • Wales, J. (2007): 10 Questions. Time, 169.14, 4, available at: http://www.time.com/time/business/article/ 0,8599,1601491,00.html, accessed October 25, 2010, alternative citation: time.com

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