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Economic Changes and Inventions in early 1800s

Economic Changes and Inventions in early 1800s. Westward Expansion. After Revolution, Americans began moving westward to Mississippi By 1840, 1/3 lived west of Appalachians Causes End of British ban on westward movement Louisiana Purchase

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Economic Changes and Inventions in early 1800s

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  1. Economic Changes and Inventions in early 1800s

  2. Westward Expansion • After Revolution, Americans began moving westward to Mississippi • By 1840, 1/3 lived west of Appalachians • Causes • End of British ban on westward movement • Louisiana Purchase • Northwest Ordinance provided orderly creation of states • Growing families and sons that needed own farm land • The National Road (reached Illinois by 1838) • War of 1812 ended idea of an Indian “buffer state” • Canals (like Erie Canal) allowed settlement away from rivers

  3. Western Life • With improved transportation and farming technology, farmers increasingly moved West in search of cheap land. • “West” meant mostly OH, IL, IN, MI, KY, TN, MS, etc. • Pioneer life was tough – poor shelters, backbreaking work, hunger and isolation • While rugged individualism prevailed, people worked together to build barns, roads and other improvements • Westward migration affected environment: crops, deforestation, livestock, fences • Despite destruction of environment, people began to appreciate unspoiled nature (first national park, Yellowstone, est. in 1872) A “gander pull” Sod house in South Dakota

  4. Early Industrialization • Industrialization has two phases: • Water power (early 1800s) • Coal power (late 1800s) • Began in England in late 1700’s • England tried to keep skilled mechanics from emigrating • Samuel Slater left Eng. (in disguise!) with memorized factory plans: first mechanized textile mill in RI (1789) • Eli Whitney developed cotton gin in 1793, went on to develop “interchangeable parts” for guns. • Evans develops automated flour mill (1790’s) • Industrial espionage - Lowell visits England (1811) and returns with plans for better machines

  5. Causes of Early Industrialization • Embargo Act of 1808 • Era of Good Feelings’ protective tariffs • Fast running rivers provided steady energy for machines • Transportation revolution brought eastern manufacturers closer to markets and suppliers in the South and West • Frontier land lured many families: high wages led to quest for labor-saving machines • Labor increased: • New England farmland all taken: excess population • Immigrants from Ireland and Germany

  6. Key Inventions • 1807: Steamboat • Robert Fulton • Allowed easier upstream river travel • 1837: Cast Steel Plow • John Deere • Cut through prairie soil without clogging • McCormick’s Reaper • 1830s • Helped farmer harvest grain • Allowed single farmer and horse to do work of five men

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