Chapter 9 notes

1. Chapter 9 notes Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

2. Concept 9.1 Metabolic pathways that release energy are called catabolic pathways - fermentation and cellular respiration Fermentation: partial degradation of sugars that occurs w/out the help of O2 Cellular respiration: O2 is consumed as a reactant along w/ the sugar - more efficient

3. Concept 9.1 Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria Organic + O2 ? Carbon + H2O + Energy compounds dioxide C6H12O6 + 6O2 ? 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy 1 glucose = -686 kcals

4. Concept 9.1 ATP is the central molecule responsible for energy used by the cell The cell uses enzymes to transfer phosphate groups from ATP to other compounds (making them phosphorylated) ATP ? ADP + phosphate

5. Concept 9.1 Redox reactions release energy when electrons move closer to electronegative atoms - the relocation of electrons releases the energy stored in food molecules, and this energy is used to synthesize ATP

6. Concept 9.1 There is a transfer of one or more e- from one reactant to another; the electron transfers are called oxidation-reduction reactions or redox rxns. - the loss of e- from one substance is called oxidation - the addition of e- to another substance is called reduction