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Fire Alarms in Massachusetts Massachusetts Building Code 780 CMR 8 th Edition

Fire Alarms in Massachusetts Massachusetts Building Code 780 CMR 8 th Edition. Lee DeVito, P.E. Review Items. Codes & Standards Definitions Construction Documents Occupancies Special Use Occupancies Fire Protective Signaling Systems Automatic Fire Detection Systems. Codes & Standards.

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Fire Alarms in Massachusetts Massachusetts Building Code 780 CMR 8 th Edition

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  1. Fire Alarms in MassachusettsMassachusetts Building Code780 CMR 8th Edition Lee DeVito, P.E.

  2. Review Items • Codes & Standards • Definitions • Construction Documents • Occupancies • Special Use Occupancies • Fire Protective Signaling Systems • Automatic Fire Detection Systems

  3. Codes & Standards • International Building Code – 2009 edition

  4. Codes & Standards (cont’d) • International Existing Building Code – 2009 edition

  5. Codes & Standards (cont’d) • Massachusetts Amendments to the International Building Code 2009

  6. Codes & Standards (cont’d) • NFPA 72 - National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code – 2010 edition

  7. Fire Protection Systems • The Massachusetts State Building Code, 789 CMR Eighth Edition • Chapter 3 Describes Use and Occupancy Classifications • Chapter 4 Describes Special Detailed Requirements Based on Use and Occupancy • Chapter 9 Describes Fire Protection Systems • Chapter 34 Describes Requirements for Existing Buildings • Architectural Access Board, 521 CMR • National Fire Alarm Code, NFPA 72 – 2010 edition

  8. Definitions • Alarm Notification Appliance • Alarm Signal • Alarm Verification Feature • Annunciator • Audible Alarm Notification Appliance • Automatic • Automatic Smoke Detection System • Average Ambient Sound Level • Detector, Heat • Emergency Alarm System • Emergency Voice/ Alarm Communications System • Fire Alarm Box, Manual • Fire Alarm Control Unit

  9. Definitions (cont’d) • Fire Alarm Signal • Fire Alarm System • Fire Command Center • Fire Department Designee • Fire Detector Automatic • Fire Protection System • Fire Safety Functions • Initiating Device • Manual Fire Alarm Box • Multiple-Station Alarm Device • Multiple-Station Smoke Alarm • Notification Zone

  10. Definitions (cont’d) • Nuisance Alarm • Record Drawings • Single Station Smoke Alarm • Smoke Alarm • Smoke Detector • Supervisory Station • Supervisory Service • Supervisory Signal • Supervisory Signal-Initiating Device • Trouble Signal • Visible Alarm Notification Appliance • Wireless Protection System

  11. Definitions (cont’d) • Zone • Zone Notification

  12. Old Definitions • Modifications, Alterations, Additions or Deletions of Fire Protection Systems • Master Box • Municipal Fire Alarm System • Proprietary Supervising Station • Registered Professional Engineer • Remote Station Fire Alarm • Shop Drawing • Smoke Detector, Multiple Station • Smoke Detector, Single Station • Smoke Detector, System Type • Supervisory device • UL Listed of FM approved central station service

  13. Old Definitions (cont’d) • Fire Protective Signaling System (Fire Alarm System) • Household Fire Warning System • Installing Contractor • Maintenance of Fire Protection Systems

  14. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection Systems What is it?

  15. Complete Fire Protection Drawings 107.2.2 Fire protection system shop drawings. Shop drawings for the fire protection system(s) shall be submitted to indicate conformance to this code and the construction documents and shall be approved prior to the start of system installation. Shop drawings shall contain all information as required by the referenced installation standards in Chapter 9

  16. 780 CMR 907Fire Protective Signaling Systems • 907.1.1 Fire Protection Construction Documents • Location and number of alarm initiating devices • Description of all equipment to be used • List of auxiliary control functions • Location of the control panel and annunciators • Complete sequence of operation

  17. Fire Protection Construction Documents • Basis of design – Narrative report • Sequence of operation • Final testing criteria • Type/description and design layout of the fire protective signaling system • Fire Protective signaling system control panel and remote annunciator locations • Type/description and design layout of smoke control equipment locations • Building life safety features

  18. Fire Alarm Shop Drawings • A floor plan that indicates the use of the room • Locations of alarm-initiating devices • Locations of alarm notification appliances, including candela ratings for visible alarm notification appliances. • Location of fire alarm control unit, transponders and notification power supplies. • Annunciators • Power connections • Battery calculations

  19. Fire Alarm Shop Drawings (cont’d) • Conductor type and sizes • Voltage drop calculations • Manufacturing data sheets indicating model numbers and listing information for equipment, devices and materials • Details of ceiling height and construction • The interface of fire safety control functions • Classification of the supervising station • Systems and components shall be listed and approved for the purpose for which they are installed.

  20. 780 CMR 917Fire Protective Signaling Systems Approval • All devices shall be approved for the fire protective signaling purpose for which the equipment is used

  21. Occupancies • Assembly • A - 1 Theaters – Fixed Seats & Stages • A - 2 Dance Halls, Night Clubs • A - 3 Open Buildings, Restaurants, Passenger Terminals, Worship • A - 4 Indoor Sporting Events • A - 5 Outdoor • Business • B Business or Professional Services - Colleges • Educational • E up to 12th grade • Factory and Industrial • F- 1 Moderate Hazard • F- 2 Low Hazard

  22. Occupancies (cont’d) • High Hazard • H - 1 Detonation Hazard • H - 2 Deflagration Hazard – Accelerated Burning • H - 3 Combustible or Physical Hazard • H - 4 Health Hazards • Institutional • I - 1 Special Use and Occupancy – Supervised Environment • I - 2 Medical, Nursing Home, Young Children • I - 3 Secured Facilities – Prisons • I – 4 Day Care • Mercantile • M Public Sale of Merchandise

  23. Occupancies (cont’d) • Residential • R – 1 Hotels, Motels • R – 2 Multiple Dwelling Units • R – 3 Multiple One and Two Family • R – 4 Limited Group Residences • Storage • S – 1 Moderate Hazard • S – 2 Low Hazard • Utility and Miscellaneous • U Tanks. Cooling Towers, Car Ports • Mixed Use – Two or more occupancies in the same building

  24. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection Systems Where Required • A - All • E - All • B - Buildings with 2 or more stories above or below the level of exit. • H - All • I - All • R-1 Hotels - All • R-2 Multiple Dwelling - Buildings containing 13 or more units or any dwelling unit is more than three stories above the lowest level of exit discharge or more than one story below the highest level of exit discharge

  25. 7780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection Systems Manual Pull Stations • Located on each floor including basements • They shall be red • Not more than five feet from each exit • Height to lever • Minimum – 42 in. • Maximum –48 in. • If using automatic detection or water flow devices one manual fire alarm box shall be provided to initiate a fire alarm signal. Located per fire department.

  26. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection Systems Alarm Notification Shall be activated by: • Automatic Fire Detectors • Sprinkler Water Flow • Manual Fire Alarms • Automatic Extinguishing

  27. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection Systems Occupant Notification – 907.5 Presignal Features Audible Alarms Emergency Voice Visible Alarms

  28. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection Systems Alarm Notification • Zoning • Conventional – Each Floor • Shall not exceed 22,500 sq. ft. • Length shall not exceed 300 ft. • High Rise • Separate zone by floor – Smoke Detectors, Sprinkler Water Flow Devices, Manual Boxes, Other

  29. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection Systems Alarm Notification Appliances • Audible Alarms • Install in every occupied space • Distinct Sound • 15 dBA above average • or • 5 dBA above maximum sound level having a duration of over 60 seconds

  30. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection Systems Alarm Notification Appliances • Audible Alarms • Minimum – 60 dBA • Except • R and I - 1 Special Use - 70 dBA • Mechanical Rooms – 90 dBA • Maximum – 120 dBA • Synchronized - three – pulse temporal pattern

  31. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection Systems Voice Alarm Signaling System • Install per NFPA 72 and 521 CMR • The fire command station shall contain controls to transmit manually an evacuation signal and voice instructions on a selective and all-call basis to the terminal areas

  32. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection Systems • Assembly • 50 or more occupants • A manual fire alarm system that activates the notification appliances • Exception – not required with automatic sprinkler system when the notification appliances are activated by the sprinkler waterflow

  33. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection Systems • Assembly • 300 or more occupants • A manual fire alarm system that activates an emergency voice/alarm communications system

  34. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection System Business • A manual fire alarm if one of these exists: • Combined Group B occupant load of all floors is 500 or more, • The Group B occupant load is more than 100 persons above or below the level of exit discharge, • The Group B fire area contains a Group B ambulatory health care facility • Exception - not required with automatic sprinkler system when the notification appliances are activated by the sprinkler waterflow

  35. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection System • Business • Ambulatory Health Care Facility • Shall be provided with an electronically supervised automatic smoke detection system installed within the ambulatory health care facility and in public use areas outside of tenant spaces • Exception - not required with automatic sprinkler system when the notification appliances are activated by the sprinkler waterflow

  36. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection System Education Manual fire alarm system that activates emergency voice alarm communication. When sprinkler systems or smoke detectors are installed they should be connected to the building fire alarm system. A manual fire alarm system is not required with occupant load of less than 50

  37. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection System • Education - Exceptions • Not required when an automatic sprinkler system when the notification appliances are activated by the sprinkler waterflow and a manual activation is provided from a normally occupied location. • Not required if all exist: • Interior corridors are protected by smoke detectors. • Auditoriums, cafeterias, gymnasiums and similar areas are protected by heat detectors of other approved devices.

  38. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection System • Education - Exceptions • Shops and laboratories involving dusts or vapors are protected by heat detectors of other approved devices. • The capability to activate the evacuation system from a central point is provided. • In buildings where normally occupied spaces are provided with a two-way communication system between such spaces and a constanty attended receiving station from where a general evacuation alarm can be sounded except in locations specifically designed by the fire code official.

  39. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection System • Factory • Occupancy is two or more stories in height and has a combined occupant load of 500 or more above or below the lowest level of exit discharge • Manual fire alarm system that activates notification appliances

  40. 780 CMR 907Fire Alarm and Detection System • High Hazard • H-5 & occupancies used for manufacture of organic coatings • Manual fire alarm system that activates the notification appliances • Highly Toxic Gases , Organic Peroxides and Oxidizers • Automatic Smoke Detection • See Chapters 37, 39, and 40

  41. 780 CMR 917Fire Protective Signaling Systems • Institutional • General • Manual fire alarm system that activates notification appliances • Automatic smoke detection that activates notification appliances

  42. 780 CMR 917Fire Protective Signaling Systems • Institutional – I-1 • Automatic Smoke Detection in Corridors, waiting areas open to corridors, and habitable spaces other than sleeping units and kitchens • Not required in habitable spaces if sprinklers installed. • Not required for exterior balconies

  43. 780 CMR 917Fire Protective Signaling Systems • Institutional – I-2 • Automatic Smoke Detection in Corridors, in nursing homes, detoxification facilities and spaces permitted to be open to the corridors. • Not required if patient sleeping units have UL268 system. • Not required if sleeping room door are equipped with automatic door closing devices.

  44. 780 CMR 917Fire Protective Signaling Systems Institutional - I-3 Secured Facilities Manual Pull Stations • Permitted to be in locked areas • Or • Manned staff location Alarm Notification • Smoke Detectors – Can activate at a constantly attended location

  45. 780 CMR 917Fire Protective Signaling Systems • Mercantile • Manual fire alarm system that activates notification appliances • The combined Group M occupant load of all floors is 500 or more • The Group M occupant load is more than 100 persons above or below the lowest level of exit discharge

  46. 780 CMR 917Fire Protective Signaling Systems • Residential • R-1, R-2, & R-4 - Fire alarm systems and smoke alarms • Single or multiple station in R-2, R-3 and R-4

  47. 780 CMR 907Single and Multiple Station Smoke Detectors • Where Required • R-1 Hotels – • In all sleeping areas • Hallway leading to room exit • Each story in suite

  48. 780 CMR 907Single and Multiple Station Smoke Detectors • Where Required • R-2, R-3, & R-4 • In the immediate vicinity of bedrooms • In all sleeping areas • Each story in dwelling unit

  49. 780 CMR 919.0Single and Multiple Station Smoke Detectors • Where Required • I-1 Special Use • In all sleeping areas • Exception • Automatic Detection System

  50. Fire AlarmsinMassachusetts Lee DeVito, P.E. December 2011

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