IEX8175 RF Electronics

1. IEX8175 RF Electronics Avo Otstelekommunikatsiooni õppetool, TTÜ raadio- ja sidetehnika inst.avo.ots@ttu.ee

2. Hierarchical QoS MPLS VPN Internet 10 GigE Cust n VoIP Cust 4 MPLSTunnel GigE VideoConf Cust 3 Customer # 1 VLAN VideoStream Cust 2 Data p1 Data p2 Cust 1 Internet

3. Uni- and Bi-directional A A A-C A-C F B F B C-A C-A E C E C D D Bi-directional Ring (2 fibers) Uni-directional Ring (1 fiber)

4. Wavelengths can be time-division multiplexed into a series of aggregated connections Sets of wavelengths can be spaced into wavebands Switching can be done by wavebands or wavelengths 1 Cable can do multi terabits/sec Kiudoptika & DWDM

5. SONET SONET SONET SONET DWDM DWDM Internet Data Center Access Access Long Haul Metro Metro

6. Protocol and Services New Services Handle Protocol Internet Access Access

7. Traffic Engineering Network Engineering Network Planning 0 day hour year week month second 15 min minute quarter Traffic & Network Engineering • Traffic engineering (TE) • Put the traffic where the bandwidth is • (Sub-)second/minute time scale • Network Engineering (NwE) • Put the bandwidth where the traffic is or is soon expected to be • 15 minute/hour/day/week time scale • Network Planning (NP) • Put the equipment, fibers and bandwidth where the traffic is expected to be [in the future] • Month/quarter/year time scale

8. Traffic Engineering (TE) • The process concerned with optimally routing of signals over existing links in a layer network • More specific: Optimally assigning available bandwidth to requests (to the network) for bandwidth. • It is an intra layer network process • TE process in each layer network • discovers the links created by network planning and engineering • advertises the links and their bandwidth utilisation • manages (set-up, release, modify) connections in the layer network; i.e. processes incoming calls for native and client connections • restores high grade connections on signal fail [or signal degrade] of the connection • It is implemented by the Sub Network Controllers within the layer network

9. Network Engineering • The process concerned with optimally selecting topology and bandwidth in a layer network, based on • (pro-active) traffic demands expected between any two locations in the network and • (re-active) the actual traffic demand • It is an inter layer network process • NwE process in each layer network • advertises the nodes and their ports within the layer network • monitors the layer network and determines if/when a new (topological) link should be added or an existing link should be modified or released, based on the network provider's policy • determines best set of connections between ports in the layer network • requests those connections to be set up by its server layer networks; i.e. generates outgoing calls for client connections • It is implemented by the (distributed) Network Engineering Controllers (NEC) within the layer network

10. Interfaces - Layer Networks LOVC PN LOVC Link LOVC VPN #1 UNI I-NNI LOVC VPN #2 I-NNI STM-N Physical Interface HOVC Link PC HOVC PN HOVC Permanent Connection [non-switched] UNI I-NNI Component Link HOVC VPN PN: Public Network VPN: Virtual Private Network

11. Dedicated Bandwidth Circuits Shared Bandwidth Circuits Dedicated Transport & Transfer Rate In Network Actual Data Rate Usage vs. Time Sum of Aggregate Bandwidth Much Less Wasted Bandwidth Mbps Mbps Time Time Multiple Data Customers in Shared Trunk Bandwidth Wasted Bandwidth Ressursijaotus

12. Links http://www.packetizer.com/voip/ams/papers/ams_project_description.pdf http://www.brynosaurus.com/pub/net/p2pnat/ http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1700.txt?number=1700 http://www.juniper.net/ http://www.juniper.net/solutions/literature/white_papers/200161.pdf