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January 26 & 27, 2012

January 26 & 27, 2012. World History. How did the Romans become independent of the Etruscans?. The Romans did not like being ruled by the Etruscans. By 509 BC, the Romans had driven out the last of the Etruscan kings. Rome became an independent republic. . What is a republic?.

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January 26 & 27, 2012

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  1. January 26 & 27, 2012 World History

  2. How did the Romans become independent of the Etruscans? • The Romans did not like being ruled by the Etruscans. By 509 BC, the Romans had driven out the last of the Etruscan kings. Rome became an independent republic.

  3. What is a republic? • A republic is a form of government where the people choose their rulers and representatives.

  4. What was the government like in the Roman Republic? • Consuls - The government was headed by two leaders called consuls who were elected each year. They worked together and could veto (say no) to the decisions of the other.

  5. What was the government like in the Roman Republic? • Senate - The Senate was made up of 300 men called senators who were chosen for life. The Senate handled the daily problems of government.

  6. What was the government like in the Roman Republic? • Tribunes – Tribunes were made up of judges and officials who protected the rights of the plebians.

  7. Who were the plebians? • Plebians were the poorer people of Rome, such as farmers and artisans. They were citizens, but they could not serve in government.

  8. Who could participate in government? • Only the patricians could participate in government in Rome. The patricians were members of the oldest and wealthiest families. They only made up 10% of the population but they were the most important.

  9. What are the Twelve Tables? • The Twelve Tables were the 12 bronze tablets on which the Romans carved their laws in 450 BC. The tablets were displayed for everyone to see. The laws dealt with wills, property rights, court actions, and the behavior of citizens in public.

  10. Why did Rome end up taking over most of Italy? • The Romans were surrounded by enemies. To protect their city, they began taking over neighboring cities and expanding their territory.

  11. What are the Punic Wars? • Eventually Rome had to face Carthage, an empire across the Mediterranean in Northern Africa. The Romans fought three wars against Carthage, eventually defeating and destroying Carthage. This war made Rome the leading power in the Mediterranean region.

  12. How did the Punic Wars affect life in Rome? • After the Punic Wars, there was much political and economic turmoil. Several people tried to reform the government to fix the problems, but nothing seemed to work.

  13. Who was Julius Caesar? • In 46 BC, Julius Caesar became dictator of Rome and brought about many reforms. Despite the fact that Caesar did a great deal for Rome and its people, he was assassinated by senators on March 15, 44 BC.

  14. What is a dictator? • A dictator is someone who is the absolute ruler. All decisions are made by him alone.

  15. What happened after Julius Caesar died? • After he died, political power was divided among three people called a triumvirate. Those people were Mark Antony, Octavian, and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus.

  16. How did the Republic turn into an Empire? • The triumvirate worked for a while, but in 31 BC, Octavian became the absolute head of the Roman Empire.

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