Managing Information Systems

1. Managing Information Systems Redesigning the Organisation with Information Systems and Managing Change Part 2

2. Objectives • To provide an understanding of how and why organisational change occurs

3. Organisational Change • How can Information Technology change an organisation?

4. Information Technology and Change: Examples • Location • Global operations can be linked by digital networks • Co-ordination and collaboration • Information can be available simultaneously to more than one group • Distributed computing • Distributed information and distributed actions • Portability • Work at home, customer site, etc.

5. Types of Change • What types of change are there?

6. Types of Change High Paradigm Shifts Risk Re-engineering Rationalisation Low Automation Low Return High

7. Types of Change • Automation • Using computers to speed up existing tasks • Low risk, low return • Rationalisation • Streamline procedures to improve automation • Remove bottlenecks • Low-medium risk, low-medium return

8. Types of Change • Business Process Re-engineering • Radical redesign of business processes • Remove procedural steps • Eliminate paper-based tasks • Improve costs, quality and service • Medium-high risk, medium-high return

9. Types of Change • Paradigm Shifts • Re-thinking the nature of the business / organisation • Complete re-conception of how the business should function • High risk, High return

10. Business Process Re-engineering • Effective BPR needs senior management to instigate new business processes • Focus on a few core business processes • Must understand performance and cost of existing processes • Use of Information Technology should influence design

11. Workflow Management • Re-engineer and automation of paper-based procedures • Routing • Approvals • Scheduling • Reporting • Simultaneous work on documents • Instant transfer – no more ‘in transit’ • Indexing and collation of information

12. Re-engineering Steps • Develop business vision and objectives • Identify processes to be redesigned (core) • Understand performance of existing processes • Understand Information Technology opportunities • Prototype the new process

13. Total Quality Management • What does this mean?

14. Total Quality Management • Making quality control the responsibility of all people in an organisation • Quality of • Products • Services • Operations • Catch problems early, they cost less

15. Total Quality Management • TQM is more incremental than BPR • Continuous improvement, rather than ‘big bang’ • May need BPR to improve quality beyond TQM

16. TQM and Information Systems • How can Information Systems help?

17. TQM and Information Systems • Simplify production process • Automate to give less steps • Less steps, less chance of error • Faster production times • Benchmarking • Use IS reporting to feedback performance of processes • Improve processes and IS to meet benchmark

18. TQM and Information Systems • Customer Relationship Management • Used to improve quality of customer service • Computer Aided Design • Improve quality of product design • Production control • Automate production to improve precision