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Early Peoples

Early Peoples. Differences and Cultural Traditions. Who am I?. Part 1. Archeologist. A scientist who studies artifacts to learn about early people. Examples of artifacts: basket sculptures and figurines t oys t ools pottery. Archeologists.

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Early Peoples

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  1. Early Peoples Differences and Cultural Traditions

  2. Who am I? Part 1

  3. Archeologist A scientist who studies artifacts to learn about early people • Examples of artifacts: • basket • sculptures and figurines • toys • tools • pottery

  4. Archeologists • We need archeologists to study the people of the past because: • Early peoples are prehistoric because they were around before history was written down

  5. Paleo-Indians (paleo means ancient) • The earliest people in Utah (we know of) • Hunter-gatherers • Migration: move from place to place in search of food and warmth • Most of the peoples’ lives were spent gathering and preparing food • Hunted Ice Age animals

  6. Archaic Indians • More advanced hunter-gatherers than the Paleo-Indains • Main weapon: atlatl and spear • Lived in Utah longer than any other group of early peoples

  7. Anasazi • Very artistic people • baskets • necklaces • pottery • whistles • cradle boards • animal skin bags • Lived in permanent villages in the Four Corners area and farmed

  8. Fremont • Desert Gatherers living in the Great Basin • Traded with and borrowed traditions from the Anasazi • Eventually spread over much of Utah with diverse lifestyles between them • Most were full-time farmers • Some were full-time hunter gatherers • Anasazi and Fremont cultures disappeared sometime after 1000 A.D.

  9. Modern American Indian Groups in Utah • Utes • Paiute • Shoshone • Goshute • Navajo

  10. Ute • The largest of Utah’s modern American Indian groups • Hunted and lived in valleys near mountains and lakes

  11. Paiute and Goshute • Lived close together in large family groups in dry desert regions of Utah • Wore few clothes due to the heat • Some Paiutes irrigated their crops • Goshutes are sometimes called “Root-Diggers” because they lived off roots

  12. Shoshone • Lived in tepees in northern parts of Utah • Used horses to help them hunt

  13. Navajo • Lived in the Four Corners region in hogans • Called themselves the Diné

  14. Survival • Despite their many differences, all early peoples in Utah relied on three main things to support their way of life: • plants • animals • climate • Minerals such as gold, silver, and coal were not nearly as important • European explorers often did not realize this

  15. Spiritual, Architectural, Artistic, and Oral Traditions Part 2

  16. Spiritual Traditions • Most early peoples were extremely religious. • Some believed in one god who was present in all things, such as nature (think Pocahontas) • Others, believed in many gods • Respecting nature was extremely important to the spirituality of American Indians

  17. Spiritual Traditions • They believe singing and dancing were powerful forces that could protect people, celebrate life changing events, and make food grow

  18. Architectural Traditions • Homes were diverse between the groups of early peoples

  19. Wicki-ups • Archaic Indians • Paiute • Goshute

  20. Pit Houses • Early Anasazi • Fremont

  21. Cliff-Dwellings • Later Anasazi

  22. Tepees • Ute • Shoshone • Tepees are tall poles covered with animal skins

  23. Hogans • Navajo

  24. Artistic Traditions • Until the Spanish explorers arrived, American Indians made everything they had and used from things in nature.

  25. Artistic Traditions • Groups such as the Anasazi and the Fremont created beautiful figurines, jewelry, and pottery which archeologists have discovered.

  26. Artistic Traditions • Navajos made yarn from sheep’s wool to create beautiful rugs, blankets, and clothing

  27. Petroglyphs • Also known as rock art • A way of telling stories and recording history

  28. Oral Traditions • Many languages were spoken, but no written alphabet existed • They told stories orally • known as legends or myths • many legends were about animals

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