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Sentence Complements

Sentence Complements. Compl i ment = I give you a compliment “Nice hair…” Compl e ment= Something that goes with something else “Ketchup goes with French fries.”. Sentence Complements:. Direct object Indirect Object Predicate Nominative Predicate Adjective.

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Sentence Complements

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  1. Sentence Complements

  2. Compliment = I give you a compliment • “Nice hair…” • Complement= Something that goes with something else • “Ketchup goes with French fries.”

  3. Sentence Complements: Direct object Indirect Object Predicate Nominative Predicate Adjective

  4. The Direct Object • Follows an action verb • Answers the question: • Action verb who? Action verb what? • The tiresformedskid marks. • AV DO • IS ALWAYS A NOUN OR A PRONOUN

  5. Action verbs can take or nottake a direct object. • Transitive verbs TAKE a direct object • The tires formed skid marks. • “formed what?” skid marks • Intransitive verbs DO NOT take a direct object. • The wax formed into a hideous creature before our eyes. Prepositional phrase • “into a hideous creature before our eyes” • Tells HOW it was formed. NOT A D.O.!

  6. A DIRECT OBJECT RECEIVES THE ACTION OF THE TRANSITIVE VERB. Sam, throw the football! Throw what? Football D.O.

  7. A sentence complement completes the thought of the sentence. The mechanical man startled the unsuspecting boy. Action verb direct object

  8. A direct object may be compound. • The excited crowd watched the receiver A.V. D.O. and his pursuers. D.O. Compound direct object= Receiver / pursuers

  9. A direct object will NEVER follow a linking verb! She is my homeroom teacher. Is = linking verbteacher = predicate nominative

  10. To find the direct object ask: • Action verb who? • Or • Action verb what?

  11. Practice: Direct Objects • Hurricanes drop rain wherever they go. • They generate gale winds that may exceed 150 miles per hour. • The weather bureau uses satellites to track hurricanes. • A hurricane has an eye of about fifteen miles in width. • The Coast Guard patrols the United States waterways. • They must face floods and shipwrecks. • A radio center warns ships at sea. • Crews often mark certain icebergs as part of tracking. • They shoot colored dye at the icebergs. • Icebergs can cover distances of five to forty miles per day. • **Icebergs have been sighted as far south as Bermuda.

  12. Answers: Direct Objects • Hurricanes drop rain wherever they go. • They generate gale winds that may exceed 150 miles per hour. • The weather bureau uses satellites to track hurricanes. • A hurricane has an eye of about fifteen miles in width. • The Coast Guard patrols the United States waterways. • They must face floods and shipwrecks. • A radio center warns ships at sea. • Crews often mark certain icebergs as part of tracking. • They shoot colored dye at the icebergs. • Icebergs can cover distances of five to forty miles per day. • **Icebergs have been sighted as far south as Bermuda. • There is no direct object in the above sentence. The verb phrase (have been sighted) is an intransitive one.

  13. Indirect Object  tells to whom or for whom the action of the verb is done.

  14. Where is the indirect object in the sentence? • The indirect object comes after an action verb and before a direct object. • Clarafeedsthedogshigh-proteinfood. • Subjectaction verbarticle indirect objectadjectivedirect object • V I D

  15. The pattern for a sentence with an indirect object is always: • V I D Think VIDeo! “Getme the video camera…” Verbindirect objdirect obj.

  16. Compound Indirect Objects • Clara gives the dogs and their owners clear instructions. • SUB VERB I.O. I.O. D.O. Notice that the indirect object always receives something. That something is the direct object.

  17. Remember: You can have a sentence with a direct object but no indirect object. • However: You can’t have an indirect object without a direct object. • In other words, you can’t have someone or thing receive something without having something to receive (which is what the direct object is!) • Ron sells hamburgers. • SUBJ VERB D.O.

  18. Practice: Indirect Objects • 1. Clara had given her dog obedience training. • 2. Clara showed her neighbor her dog-training ability. • 3. Mr. Ramirez offered Clara a job training his dog. • 4. Mr. Ramirez has been telling his friends his high opinion of Clara’s skills. • 5. Now Clara teaches many dogs basic obedience skills. • 6. She is building herself a bank account for college. • 7. Mrs. Ames assigned the class a project about pets. • 8. She gave everyone the assignment. • 9. Individuals and groups gave us some valuable ideas. • 10. We made ourselves a promise to adopt all of our future pets from the local shelter.

  19. Answers: Indirect Objects • 1. Clara had given her dog obedience training. • 2. Clara showed her neighbor her dog-training ability. • 3. Mr. Ramirez offered Clara a job training his dog. • 4. Mr. Ramirez has been telling his friends his high opinion of Clara’s skills. • 5. Now Clara teaches many dogs basic obedience skills. • 6. She is building herself a bank account for college. • 7. Mrs. Ames assigned the class a project about pets. • 8. She gave everyone the assignment. • 9. Individuals and groups gave us some valuable ideas. • 10. We made ourselves a promise to adopt all of our future pets from the local shelter.

  20. Predicate Nominatives • A noun or a pronoun that follows a linking verb and renames the subject • Mr. Cohenis a man with much to tell. • subjectlinking verbpredicate nominative

  21. predicate nominative = predicate noun

  22. Think of a linking verb as an equal sign • Mr. Cohenhas been a shop owner for years. • Subject LV predicate nominative • Mr. Cohen= owner

  23. Action Verbs: Direct objects Indirect objects Linking verbs: Predicate nominatives Predicate Adjectives Check the verb!

  24. A predicate nominative can be compound. • Mr. Cohenis a storekeeper and friend. • Subject LV PNPN =

  25. Practice • 1. Mr. Cohen’s shop has been a gathering place for more than fifty years. • 2. Even my grandparents were his customers and friends. • 3. Mr. Cohen is a wonderful storyteller. • 4. When he was young, his life was a challenge. • 5. I am a fortunate person to know Mr. Cohen. • 6. In the summer, the stores were hothouses. • 7. Today, with air-conditioning, they are almost iceboxes. • 8. For a visitor to a faraway state, the train trip was a challenge. • 9. Today, after a speedy plane trip, you are a happy person. • 10. When Mr. Cohen was a child, this land was farmland.

  26. Answers: Predicate Nouns • 1. Mr. Cohen’s shop has been a gatheringplacefor more than fifty years. • 2. Even my grandparents were his customersand friends. • 3. Mr. Cohen is a wonderful storyteller. • 4. When he was young, his life was a challenge. • 5. I am a fortunate person to know Mr. Cohen. • 6. In the summer, the stores were hothouses. • 7. Today, with air-conditioning, they are almost iceboxes. • 8. For a visitor to a faraway state, the train trip was a challenge. • 9. Today, after a speedy plane trip, you are a happy person. • 10. When Mr. Cohen was a child, this land was farmland.

  27. Predicate Adjective • Follows a linking verb and describes the subject of the sentence • The soda was cold and refreshing. • subject LV ADJ ADJ

  28. Linking Verbs • am is are was were will be • have been will have been shall be • taste feel seem appear • look sound

  29. Practice • 1. The container of milk smells sour. • 2. The situation appears complicated. • 3. The pie tastes delicious. • 4. The situation appears complicated. • 5. Everyone remained calm. • 6. The room was light blue. • 7. Your dog is very aggressive. • 8. J.K. Rowling’s books have become famous. • 9. Her stories are sometimes complicated. • 10. The ocean looks calm tonight.

  30. Answers: Predicate Adjectives • 1. The container of milk smells sour. • 2. The situation appears complicated. • 3. The pie tastes delicious. • 4. The situation was grim. • 5. Everyone remained calm. • 6. The room was light blue. • 7. Your dog is very aggressive. • 8. J.K. Rowling’s books have become famous. • 9. Her stories are sometimes complicated. • 10. The ocean looks calm tonight.

  31. Tell if the highlighted word is a predicate noun, predicate adjective, direct object, or indirect object. • Dara is a main character in The Clay Marble. • The sturdy ox pulls the empty cart. • Palm fronds shade the weary travelers. • The air is thick with humidity and mosquitoes. • The morning mist gave the campsite a dreamlike quality. • Mother became ill with dread. • Rain pelted the dry, dusty wagon. • Jantu made the children toys. • Jantu made the children toys. • Cambodia is the setting of the novel.

  32. PN=predicate nounPA=predicate adjectiveDO=direct objectIO=indirect object • Dara is a main character in The Clay Marble. • The sturdy ox pulls the empty cart. • Palm fronds shade the weary travelers. • The air is thick with humidity and mosquitoes. • The morning mist gave the campsite a dreamlike quality. • Mother becameill with dread. • Rain pelted the dry, dusty wagon. • Jantu made the childrentoys. • Jantu made the children toys. • Cambodia is the settingof the novel.

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