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B.PBE.0038: Pre-breeding in Phalaris What we did

B.PBE.0038: Pre-breeding in Phalaris What we did. Use phalaris as a model for deployment of modern breeding technologies with the potential to increase rate of genetic gain in perennial grasses. Create molecular breeding tools to Introduce genomics to phalaris breeding

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B.PBE.0038: Pre-breeding in Phalaris What we did

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  1. B.PBE.0038: Pre-breeding in Phalaris What we did • Use phalaris as a model for deployment of modern breeding technologies with the potential to increase rate of genetic gain in perennial grasses • Create molecular breeding tools to • Introduce genomics to phalaris breeding • Enable genomic selection for major economic traits • Develop markers for seed retention • Explore relationships in modern breeding pools • Main focus is to prove utility of genomic selection From Heffner et al. 2009 Crop Sci. 49:1–12

  2. B.PBE.0038: Pre-breeding in Phalaris What we found (so far)- 1 • Functional sequence now completed for phalaris • RNA based (transcriptome) – functional genes only because of size and complexity of phalaris genome • Dense markers (ca. 69,000 SNPs) to enable genomic selection • Resource for identification of markers for seed retention trait, etc. • Tool for exploring relationships among phalaris germplasm, cultivar ID Landmaster & Holdfast Advanced AT Lawson (BarLaris) Holdfast GT Sirosa Sirocco Australian II Australian Sirocco Retainer Northern Retainer Atlas PG Sirolan P x C

  3. B.PBE.0038: Pre-breeding in Phalaris What we found (so far)-2 • Training population • 285 families in Advanced AT – Holdfast GT – Landmaster – Holdfast background (includes 53 PGGWrightson Seeds families) • Seasonal yield being evaluated at 3 sites for 2 years in drill rows • Phenotyping others traits in progress: - Seed retention, Al tolerance, grazing tolerance, alkaloids Preliminary results Spring biomass H2 = 0.28, Prediction accuracy = 0.60 Heading date H2 = 0.70, Prediction accuracy = 0.55

  4. B.PBE.0038: Pre-breeding in Phalaris Key messages for farmers • Now in a position to bring modern technology to bear on phalaris breeding • - Encourage investment by streamlining breeding and reducing costs • Focus is on traits important for meat growers - Production and persistence traits • Phalaris breeding is not being ignored

  5. Encourage and enhance continued development of productive, robust cultivars B.PBE.0038: Pre-breeding in Phalaris Farm benefits • Increased production • Increases in stocking: Vs. run down pasture 5-7 dse/ha and $125-175/ha GM as part of a pasture improvement package(Evergraze case studies; Axelsen and Morley 1968; Chapman et al. 2003; Saul et al. 2011, etc.) • Winter-active phalaris vs. Australian type: 70+% increase in winter DM production (Anderson et al. 1999; etc.) valued at $0.05-0.50/kg in season of highest value (Ludemann & Smith) • Improved persistence, Holdfast GT: 15-60% more phalaris, 8-20% more total DM in winter of Year 5 cf. older w.a.’s at high P (Culvenor & Simpson 2016) • Project emphasis on seasonal yield: Predict 3 cycles of selection (1 conv.+2GS) could give 10-15% increase in yield in 6 years, say 10 years for cultivar vs. 14 years for conventional selection.

  6. B.PBE.0038: Pre-breeding in Phalaris Unanswered questions • Complete current project • Develop genomic selection equations for various traits • Markers for seed retention, etc. • Uptake of technology by breeders • Need for further “prebreeding” support • Future breeding Kevin Smith (Uni. of Melbourne) John Forster (DEDJTRVictoria) Noel Cogan “ Luke Pembleton “ James Sewell (PGGWrightson Seeds) Martin Harmer “ Duncan Thomas “ Richard Culvenor (CSIRO)

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