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THE RISE OF HITLER & EUROPEAN DICTATORS

THE RISE OF HITLER & EUROPEAN DICTATORS. 1920-38. VOCABULARY. JOSEF STALIN TOTALITARIANISM BENITO MUSSOLINI FASCISM ADOLF HITLER NAZISM NEUTRALITY ACTS. TIMELINE. 1922: MUSSOLINI SEIZES POWER IN ITALY 1924: LENIN DIES / STALIN SEIZES POWER 1925: ADOLF HITLER PUBLISHES MEIN KAMPF

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THE RISE OF HITLER & EUROPEAN DICTATORS

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  1. THE RISE OF HITLER & EUROPEAN DICTATORS 1920-38

  2. VOCABULARY • JOSEF STALIN • TOTALITARIANISM • BENITO MUSSOLINI • FASCISM • ADOLF HITLER • NAZISM • NEUTRALITY ACTS

  3. TIMELINE • 1922: MUSSOLINI SEIZES POWER IN ITALY • 1924: LENIN DIES / STALIN SEIZES POWER • 1925: ADOLF HITLER PUBLISHES MEIN KAMPF • 1931: JAPAN INVADES MANCHURIA • 1933: HITLER BECOMES CHANCELLOR OF GERMANY • 1936-38: THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR • 1937: JAPAN INVADES CHINA

  4. THE RISE OF DICTATORS • HOW DID WWI SET THE STAGE FOR WWII? • TREATY OF VERSAILLES PLACED HUGE FINANCIAL BURDEN ON SOME NATIONS • EX.: GERMANY & WAR REPARATIONS ($33 BILLION) • THIS CAUSED RESENTMENT THAT WAS MANIPULATED BY AMBITIOUS LEADERS • RESENTMENT DUE TO WHAT? • HOW WAS THIS MANIPULTAED BY AMBITIOUS PEOPLE? • EXAMPLES? • MANY NATIONS HAD NO EXPERIENCE WITH DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT • SO…IT WAS EASIER FOR DICTATORS TO SEIZE POWER • THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS HAD NO REAL POWER TO STOP AGGRESSION FROM DICTATORS

  5. Border Changes, 1919

  6. GERMANY AFTER VERSAILLES

  7. DICTATORS • WHAT NATIONS FELL VICTIM TO DICTATORSHIPS IN THE 1920’s & 30’s? • SOVIET UNION (RUSSIA) • ITALY • GERMANY • JAPAN • SPAIN • WHO SEIZED POWER IN EACH NATION? • SOVIET UNION: JOSEF STALIN, COMMUNISTPARTY • ITALY: BENITO MUSSOLINI (a.k.a.“IL DUCE” ) & THE FACSIST PARTY • SPAIN: GEN. FRANCISCO FRANCO - MILITARY DICTATORSHIP • JAPAN: 2 LEADERS: • EMPEROR HIROHITO • GEN. HIDEKI TOJO

  8. Adolf Hitler & Josef Stalin

  9. GERMANY • WHY DID GERMANY BECOME A DICTATORSHIP IN THE 1930’s? • GERMANY’S ECONOMY WAS DEVESTATED BY THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES • GERMAN LAND / RESOURCES WERE STRIPPED AWAY BY THE TREATY • EX.: THE RHINELAND SEIZED BY FRANCE • WHY IMPORTANT? – COAL, MINERAL RESOURCES WERE THERE • GERMAN PRIDE / HONOR WAS STAINED BY THE RESULTS OF WWI • MANY GERMANS WANTED TO REGAIN GERMAN HONOR & POWER • 1932: 6 MILLION GERMANS UNEMPLOYED • RESULT? CONDTIONS ARE PERFECT FOR THE RISE OF A DICTATOR

  10. 1930’s GERMAN CHILDREN USING CURRENCY BILLS AS TOY BUILDING BLOCKS

  11. ADOLF HITLER: • AUSTRIAN BY BIRTH • DECORATED SOLDIER IN GERMAN ARMY IN WWI • AMBITION WAS TO BE A PAINTER • REJECTED BY ART SCHOOL • HITLER IS RESENTFUL & RESTLESS • 1919: JOINED ORIGINAL NAZI PARTY • BECOMES NAZI FURHER, OR LEADER • 1923: HITLER LEADS THE “BEER HALL PUTSCH” IN MUNICH • IT FAILS, HE AND OTHER NAZIS ARE ARRESTED • TRIED AND IMPRISONED FOR TREASON / ATTEMPTED REBELLION • DICTATES MEIN KAMPF WHILE IN PRISON • 1925: PUBLISHES MEIN KAMPF • NAZI PARTY: BASIC IDEAS; • EXTREME GERMAN NATIONALISM • EXTREME ANTI-SEMITISM / RACIAL IDEOLOGY • BELIEF IN NATIONAL EXPANSION, LEBENSRAUM • BELIEVED “ARYAN” RACE WAS DESTINED TO RULE • QUESTION: HOW DO NAZIS DEFINE “ARYAN”? • JANUARY, 1933: HITLER ELECTED CHANCELLOR • QUESTIONS: • WHY DID GERMANS SUPPORT HITLER? • WHAT METHODS DID NAZIS USE TO GAIN POWER? • NAZIS SEIZE POWER : THE THIRD REICH BEGINS

  12. Hitler In WWI German Army Adolf Hitler, 1 yr. old (1890)

  13. MUNICH, GERMANYAUGUST, 1914OFFICIAL WAR DECLARATION IS READ TO POPULACE

  14. HITLER REACTS TO NEWS OF WAR DECLARATION,MUNICH, AUGUST, 1914

  15. HITLER (ABOVE AND RIGHT) WITH FELLOW GERMAN SOLDIERS

  16. HITLER (extreme right) WITH FELLOW SOLDIERS AND “FUCHS”, DOG MASCOT

  17. Painting by Adolf Hitler

  18. Hitler & Mussolini , Hitler on Time

  19. TIMELINE / OUTBREAK OF WAR • 1938: • GERMANY FORCES AUSTRIA TO UNIFY W/GERMANY • CALLED THE “ANSCHLUSS” • HTILER CALLS FOR THE SUDETENLAND (Part of Czechoslovakia) • GERMANY SEIZES THE SUDETENLAND (Why?) • THE MUNICH CONFERENCE • HITLER “GUARANTEES’ NO MORE AGGRESSION • NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN(BRITISH PRIME MINISTER), & FRANCE ACCEPT AGREEMENT • BRITS./ FRENCH THINK APPEASEMENT WILL WORK • CHURCHILL PUBLICLY WARNS ABOUT NAZIS • 1939: • GERMANS SEIZE REMAINDER OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA • GERMAN – SOVIET NONAGGRESSION TREATY • GERMANY INVADES POLAND (SEPT.) • FRANCE, BRITIAN DECLARE WAR ON GERMANY • WW II BEGINS

  20. Munich, 1938: Chamberlain, Hitler, Mussolini

  21. Chamberlain with Chamberlain & Hitler at Munich “Guarantees” The Munich Conference

  22. WINSTON CHURCHILL

  23. WINSTON CHURCHILL

  24. MILTARYEXPANSION OF NAZI GERMANY,1935 - 39

  25. BLITZKREIG • DEFINE: “BLITZKREIG” • HOW DID A BLITZKREIG OPERATE? • QUESTIONS: • WHY DID THE IDEA FOR BLITZKREIG DEVELOP IN THE 1930’s? • WHY DO YOU THINK THE GERMANS USED BLITZKREIG TACTICS?

  26. BLITZKREIG: BASIC CONCEPTS

  27. German Airdrop, Crete, Greece, 1940

  28. GERMAN PARATROOPERS, 1940

  29. GERMAN “PANZERS” (TANKS), 1941

  30. German Luftwaffe “Stuka” Dive Bombers, 1940

  31. STUKAS IN ACTION

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