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The Language Of Medicine Dr. Michael P. Gillespie

Learn about female reproductive organs, hormones, menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and related conditions. Explore gynecology and obstetrics terms in context.

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The Language Of Medicine Dr. Michael P. Gillespie

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  1. The Language Of Medicine Dr. Michael P. Gillespie

  2. Chapter 8Female Reproductive System 2

  3. Name and locate female reproductive organs and learn their combining forms. • Explain how these organs and their hormones function in the processes of menstruation and pregnancy. • Identify abnormal conditions of the female reproductive system and of the newborn. Chapter Goals

  4. Describe important laboratory tests and clinical procedures used in gynecology and obstetrics, and recognize related abbreviations. • Understand medical terms in their proper contexts, such as medical reports and records. Chapter Goals

  5. Chapter 8 Lesson 8.1

  6. Sexual Reproduction • This is the union of the nuclei of ovum and sperm cell. • Ovum and sperm cells are called gametes. • Each gamete contains half the number of chromosomes of a normal body cell. Introduction

  7. Gametes (ovum and sperm cell) • Gametes are produced in the gonads. • Female gonads are the ovaries; male gonads are the testes. Introduction

  8. Fertilization • An ovum leaves the ovaries and travels through the fallopian tube. • Fertilization takes place if sperm cells. are present and unite with the ovum. • Fertilized egg implants then divides to form a ball of cells, called a zygote (and later an embryo and then a fetus). Introduction

  9. Organs of the Female Reproductive System • Label the diagram • Organs of the female reproductive system, lateral view.

  10. Organs of the Female Reproductive System • Organs of the female reproductive system, lateral view.

  11. Fertilized egg implants, then divides to form a ball of cells, called a… • embryo • fetus • follicle • zygote QUICK QUIZ:

  12. Organs of the Female Reproductive System • Label the diagram • Organs of the female reproductive system anterior view

  13. Organs of the Female Reproduction System • Organs of the female reproductive system anterior view

  14. Organs of the Female Reproductive System ● The Breast sagittal view

  15. Organs of the Female Reproductive System ● The Breast sagittal view

  16. MENSTRUAL CYCLE • Day 1-5 Blood cells, endometrial cells, and glandular secretions discharge from the body. • Day 6-12 Estrogen aids repair of endometrium. The ovum grows in the follicle. • Day 13-14 Egg leaves the ovary and passes through the fallopian tube. • Day 15-28 Corpus luteum secretes progesterone; uterus lining builds up. Menstruation and Pregnancy

  17. Menstruation and Pregnancy MENSTRUAL CYCLE

  18. PREGNANCY • If fertilization occurs, the egg implants in the uterine endometrium. • Placenta forms within the uterine wall. • Amnion holds the fetus in an amniotic cavity. • Nutrients, oxygen and wastes exchange between fetus and mother. • Placenta produces human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Menstruation and Pregnancy

  19. Menstruation and Pregnancy A, Implantation in the uterus B, Embryo’s relationship to the placenta

  20. Menstruation and Pregnancy A, Implantation in the uterus B, Embryo’s relationship to the placenta

  21. Corpus luteum secretes this monthly to build up the lining of the uterus….. A. adreniline B. estrogen C. progesterone D. hCG QUICK QUIZ:

  22. 3. During Pregnancy what does the placenta secrete? • adreniline • hCG • progesterone • estrogen QUICK QUIZ:

  23. PREGNANCY • Progesterone maintains placenta development. • Uterus expands as fetus grows. • Normal delivery fetal position is cephalic presentation (head first). Menstruation and Pregnancy

  24. PREGNANCY • Three Phases of Labor • Dilation of the cervix • Birth of the infant • Delivery of the placenta Menstruation and Pregnancy

  25. Menstruation and Pregnancy A, Cephalic presentation. B, Delivery of the placenta.

  26. Pituitary secretes: • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) • Luteinizing hormone (LH) • Pituitary stops producing FSH and LH • During pregnancy • With oral contraceptives Hormonal Interactions

  27. Menopause • Gradual ending of the menstrual cycle • Normally begins between 45 and 55 • Falling estrogen levels • Option for estrogen replacement therapy (careful consideration of risks required) Hormonal Interactions

  28. Vocabulary • adnexa uteri • amnion • areola • Bartholin glands • cervix

  29. Vocabulary • chorion • clitoris • coitus • corpus luteum • cul-de-sac

  30. Vocabulary • embryo • endometrium • estrogen • fallopian tube • fertilization • fetus

  31. Vocabulary • fimbriae • follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) • gamete • genitalia • gestation • gonad

  32. Vocabulary • gynecology • human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) • hymen • labia • lactiferous ducts

  33. Vocabulary • luteinizing hormone (LH) • mammary papilla • menarche • menopause • menstruation

  34. Vocabulary • myometrium • neonatology • obstetrics • orifice • ovarian follicle • ovary

  35. Vocabulary • ovulation • ovum • parturition • perineum • pituitary gland

  36. Vocabulary • placenta • pregnancy • progesterone • puberty • uterine serosa

  37. Vocabulary • uterus • vagina • vulva • zygote

  38. 4. Which term refers to the inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus? A. endometrium B. fallopian tube C. chorion D. amnion QUICK QUIZ:

  39. COMBINING FORMS amni/o amnion cervic/o cervix, neck chori/o chorion chorion/o chorion colp/o vagina Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning

  40. COMBINING FORMS • culd/o cul-de-sac • episi/o vulva • galact/o milk • gynec/o woman, female • hyster/o uterus, womb Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning

  41. COMBINING FORMS lact/o milk mamm/o breast mast/o breast men/o menses, menstruation metr/o uterus Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning

  42. COMBINING FORMS my/o muscle myom/o muscle tumor nat/i birth obstetr/o midwife o/o egg Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning

  43. COMBINING FORMS oophor/o ovary ov/o egg ovari/o ovary ovul/o egg perine/o perineum Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning

  44. COMBINING FORMS phor/o to bear salping/o fallopian tubes uter/o uterus vagin/o vagina vulv/o vulva Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning

  45. SUFFIXES -arche beginning -cyesis pregnancy -gravida pregnancy -parous to bear, bring forth Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Suffix Meaning

  46. SUFFIXES -rrhea discharge -salpinx uterine tube -tocia labor, birth -version act of turning Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Suffix Meaning

  47. PREFIXES dys- painful endo- within in- in intra- within multi- many Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Suffix Meaning

  48. PREFIXES nulli- no, not, none pre- before primi- first retro- backward Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Suffix Meaning

  49. 5. Which term means removal of the breast? A. hysterectomy B. mastectomy C. mastitis D. mammoplasty QUICK QUIZ:

  50. Carcinoma of the cervix • Malignant cells within the cervix • Cervicitis • Inflammation of the cervix • Carcinoma of the endometrium • Malignant tumor of the uterus • Endometriosis • Endometrial tissue located outside the uterus Pathology: Uterus

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