Gida kaynakli mikrobiyal hastaliklar

3.  - Rastlanma sikligi  - Gruplandirilmasi - Gida zehirlenmelerinin ortaya çikisinda  etkili faktörler Patojenlerle ilgili arastirmalar

6. SAGLIK RISKI ?

13. RIMA KHABBAZ (NCID): EXPERT ON FOODNET DATA (FoodNet covers 14% of U.S. population). The bacterial pathogens targeted by HP2010 with the highest relative incidence during 1997-2003 were Campylobacter and Salmonella. Pathogens with lower incidence were E. coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. Bacterial infections have been estimated to cause 30% of all foodborne disease. [Remainder is 3% by pathogens and 67% by viruses.] Postdiarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) data have recently been obtained; the objective measure was developmental. HUS is a life-threatening syndrome caused by E. coli that is fairly distinctive among children, and surveillance efforts rely on recognition by physicians. Incidence rates will be tracked for children under 5. Targets are set at 50% improvement. Foodborne illnesses from viruses don’t usually result in a doctor visit; they are less severe. If they do result in a doctor visit, the doctor usually treats the symptoms and doesn’t report them to a lab. If they are reported to a lab, they are identified by a group other than the FoodNet group. The data shown here are un-modeled (crude) data from FoodNet (AN ACTIVE DATA COLLECTION SYSTEM); we cannot base statements on trends using the crude data. The most recent MMWR discusses trends based on modeled data (accounting for increased number of FoodNet sites from 5 to 9 and variation in the incidence among sites). Modeling the FoodNet data started about 2 years ago and is still being tweaked. April 30, 2004 MMWR article shows estimated incidence of E. coli O157 and Campylobacter have significant declines; Listeria not changing significantly. Salmonella is declining using modeled data, but not using our crude rates. RIMA KHABBAZ (NCID): EXPERT ON FOODNET DATA (FoodNet covers 14% of U.S. population). The bacterial pathogens targeted by HP2010 with the highest relative incidence during 1997-2003 were Campylobacter and Salmonella. Pathogens with lower incidence were E. coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. Bacterial infections have been estimated to cause 30% of all foodborne disease. [Remainder is 3% by pathogens and 67% by viruses.] Postdiarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) data have recently been obtained; the objective measure was developmental. HUS is a life-threatening syndrome caused by E. coli that is fairly distinctive among children, and surveillance efforts rely on recognition by physicians. Incidence rates will be tracked for children under 5. Targets are set at 50% improvement. Foodborne illnesses from viruses don’t usually result in a doctor visit; they are less severe. If they do result in a doctor visit, the doctor usually treats the symptoms and doesn’t report them to a lab. If they are reported to a lab, they are identified by a group other than the FoodNet group. The data shown here are un-modeled (crude) data from FoodNet (AN ACTIVE DATA COLLECTION SYSTEM); we cannot base statements on trends using the crude data. The most recent MMWR discusses trends based on modeled data (accounting for increased number of FoodNet sites from 5 to 9 and variation in the incidence among sites). Modeling the FoodNet data started about 2 years ago and is still being tweaked. April 30, 2004 MMWR article shows estimated incidence of E. coli O157 and Campylobacter have significant declines; Listeria not changing significantly. Salmonella is declining using modeled data, but not using our crude rates.

25. YAPILAN ÇALISMALAR: Gidalarin üretim kosullarinda patojenlerin canliligini sürdürmesi/ mikrobiyal gelismenin inhibisyonu: Kimyasal koruyucularla muhafaza Sicakligin düsürülmesi Su aktivitesinin düsürülmesi Kontrollu ve modifiye atmosferde muhafaza Mikroorganizmalar arasi antagonistik iliski

26. YAPILAN ÇALISMALAR: Gidalarda patojenlerin eleminasyonu: Isisal islemler Iyonize radyasyon, UV isinlari ve Mikrodalga isinlari Sterilant gazlar Yüksek basinç uygulamalari Kombine yöntemler

30. Gida güvenligi ve sanitasyon indikatörleri Toplam canli Küf ve maya Toplam koliform Fekal koliform E.coli

33. Türk sucugunda Salmonella typhimurium izolasyon ve sayimyöntemlerinin karsilastirmasi Zenginlestirme asamalarinda ortamda Salmonella ile yarisan floranin inhibisyonu besiyeri, LB, BPW, RV, TTBGB, SSB inokülüm miktarlari 0,1-1 ml

40. MARSHA HEDRICK (ON THE PHONE) IS THE EXPERT ON NARMS DATA. These data are from the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) for Enteric Bacteria – Salmonella. NARMS covers 40% of the population and is a collaborative effort among FSIS, FDA, ARS, APHIS (USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service), and CDC. Targets were set to not exceed baselines. Monitoring changes in resistance over time is more important than year-to-year variation. Explanations for annual variation range from implementation of control measures (to affect decreasing proportions of resistant isolates) to greater use of antimicrobials (to affect increasing proportions of resistant isolates). A logistic regression analysis is performed on the NARMS data to monitor changes over time. The percent of human isolates of Salmonella species that are resistant to selected antimicrobial drugs are showing mixed trends, and the largest percent (13% in 2002) is resistant to Ampicillin. All others are under 5%. There are 12 additional measures for this objective that are developmental (isolates of Salmonella species from cattle, swine, and poultry). FSIS has contributed data to the NARMS program since 1997. However, most of FSIS data are from the Salmonella HACCP (Hazard Analysis Control Compliance Testing Program, which is not statistically designed to estimate prevalence. Therefore, the data cannot be used to establish valid baselines for isolates of Salmonella species from animals at slaughter. Data will be available in the future, but probably not before the Healthy People 2010 Midcourse Review data cutoff in December, 2004.MARSHA HEDRICK (ON THE PHONE) IS THE EXPERT ON NARMS DATA. These data are from the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) for Enteric Bacteria – Salmonella. NARMS covers 40% of the population and is a collaborative effort among FSIS, FDA, ARS, APHIS (USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service), and CDC. Targets were set to not exceed baselines. Monitoring changes in resistance over time is more important than year-to-year variation. Explanations for annual variation range from implementation of control measures (to affect decreasing proportions of resistant isolates) to greater use of antimicrobials (to affect increasing proportions of resistant isolates). A logistic regression analysis is performed on the NARMS data to monitor changes over time. The percent of human isolates of Salmonella species that are resistant to selected antimicrobial drugs are showing mixed trends, and the largest percent (13% in 2002) is resistant to Ampicillin. All others are under 5%. There are 12 additional measures for this objective that are developmental (isolates of Salmonella species from cattle, swine, and poultry). FSIS has contributed data to the NARMS program since 1997. However, most of FSIS data are from the Salmonella HACCP (Hazard Analysis Control Compliance Testing Program, which is not statistically designed to estimate prevalence. Therefore, the data cannot be used to establish valid baselines for isolates of Salmonella species from animals at slaughter. Data will be available in the future, but probably not before the Healthy People 2010 Midcourse Review data cutoff in December, 2004.