Bellringer

1. Bellringer 1. Name a abiotic factor found in a tundra biome. 2.Which of the following is an example of a decomposer in an ecosystem? • Mushroom B. oak tree C. Water D. dragonfly 3. Cows get the energy they need to survive by eating grass. From where does the food energy in the grass come from? 4. Where do carnivores get their energy from?

2. Land Biomes

3. Land Biomes Biome-a large area with a specific climate and certain plants and animals that live there.

4. Land Biomes The 6 most common biomes are: • Tundra • Taiga (Coniferous forest) • Temperate Deciduous Forest • Tropical Rain Forest • Grassland (Prairie, Tropical Savanna, Chapparal) • Desert

5. Land Biomes

6. Tundra Found in parts of Canada, Alaska, and Siberia

7. Tundra – “The Cold Desert” • Found at latitudes around the North Pole • 12- 20 in. of precipitation yearly • Very cold year round (-40ºC in winter) • Cold, dry, treeless region

8. Tundra – “The Land of the Midnight Sun” • Winter lasts 6 to 9 months with no daylight • Summer is short and cold with 24 hours of sunlight a day

9. Tundra- • Soil is poor • Permafrost • Layer of permanently frozen soil

10. Plants of the Tundra Tundra plants are resistant to drought and cold Examples: • Reindeer moss (a lichen!) • Lichens • True mosses • Grasses • Small shrubs and flowers

11. Plants of the Tundra • Reindeer moss – It’s a lichen!

12. Plants of the Tundra • Lichens

13. Plants of the Tundra • Lichen

14. Plants of the Tundra • True Mosses

15. Plants of the Tundra • Small shrubs and flowers

16. Plants of the Tundra • Small shrubs and flowers

17. Plants of the Tundra • Small shrubs and flowers

18. Plants of the Tundra • Grasses

19. Animals of the Tundra Many animals of the tundra migrate there during the short summer Examples: • Biting insects • Snowy owls • Arctic hares • Caribou • Musk oxen • Lemmings

20. Animals of the Tundra • Biting insects Mosquito Blackfly

21. Animals of the Tundra • Snowy owl

22. Animals of the Tundra • Arctic hare

23. Animals of the Tundra • Caribou – “Reindeer”

24. Animals of the Tundra • Musk oxen

25. Animals of the Tundra • Lemmings

26. Animals of the Tundra • Lemmings

27. Taiga or Coniferous Forest Found in parts of Canada, Alaska, and Russia

28. Taiga or Coniferous Forest • World’s largest land biome • Latitudes between 50ºN and 60ºN

29. Taiga- • Warmer and wetter than the Tundra • Winters are long and cold • 14-29.5 in of precipitation yearly (mostly snow)

30. Plants of the Taiga There is no permafrost, so trees can grow. Mosses and lichens grow on the forest floor. Most trees are called conifers. These trees leaves have a thick waxy coating. Examples: • Cone-bearing Evergreen trees • Firs • Spruces • Pines • Hemlocks • Cedars

31. Plants of the Taiga • Fir tree

32. Plants of the Taiga • Spruce tree

33. Plants of the Taiga • Hemlock tree

34. Plants of the Taiga • Liverwort (a moss)

35. Plants of the Taiga • Mosses

36. Animals of the Taiga Many animals live in the Taiga. Examples: • Moose • Black Bear • Lynx • Wolves • Badgers • Wolverines • Ermines • Deer

37. Animals of the Taiga • Moose

38. Animals of the Taiga • Black bear

39. Animals of the Taiga • Lynx

40. Animals of the Taiga • Wolf

41. Animals of the Taiga • Badger

42. Animals of the Taiga • Wolverine

43. Temperate Deciduous Forest Found in Europe, the eastern part of the U.S.A., and China

44. Temperate Deciduous Forest • Found below 50ºN latitude • 29.5-49 in of precipitation yearly

45. Temperate Deciduous Forest • Wide range of temperatures with 4 seasons • Below freezing in winter to 30ºC in summer

46. Temperate Deciduous Forest • Soil is rich in nutrients from layers of decomposing leaves

47. Temperate Deciduous Forest • Layers of vegetation • Canopy • Understory • Forest floor

48. Layers of Vegetation Canopy- tree tops that shade the ground below Understory- shrub layer Forest floor- dark and moist layer of dead leaves, twigs, and seeds

49. Layers of Vegetation Canopy

50. Layers of Vegetation Understory