Reforming American Society

1. Reforming American Society In the Mid-1800’s, several reform movements worked to improve American Education and Society.

2. Key Terms Revival Second Great Awakening Temperance Movement Labor Union Strike Key People Horace Mann Dorothea Dix Key Vocabulary and Key People

3. Re-Wake Up Call • During the Second Great Awakening preachers used Revivals urging a renewal of religion and the power of salvation • Revivals in the Frontier and East led people to be unselfish, to help others, and to reform American Society

4. Temperance Tantrums • As Women became upset that wages were being used for alcohol, they joined The Temperance Movement aimed at stopping alcoholic consumption • Temperance workers used pamphlets, plays, and pledges to help curb the consumption of Alcohol • Business owners in New England also supported the Temperance movement because it affected production in Factories • By 1855 13 states had banned the sale of alcohol, which was also repealed, but the Temperance Movement would last into the 1900’s

5. Strike Force • As Factories became more unsafe, workers began to organize labor unions • Labor Unions in Lowell Massachusetts banded together against Higher rents and went on strike to change their conditions • Workers also wanted Better Hours and better wages • Labor unions Would earn some changes, including a 10 hour work day, but as the panic of 1837 set in, work was scarce and Labor Unions Lost Power

6. You got Schooled • In 1837, Horace Mann Started the Public Education Movement to provide free education to children • High Schools and Colleges were opened up along the East coast and Midwest under this movement • Colleges for women also began to open up, but were rare, as few women earned an education • As Public education spread, African Americans found themselves banned from education in the North and South • Few African Americans would go on to earn a college degree but there were some exceptions

7. Personal Improvement plans • Through the work of Dorothea Dix, treatment of the mentally ill improved from being put into prisons to hospitals for the mentally ill • Schools for the Deaf and Blind were also started in the 1800’s • The Prison System also changed as children began going to separate prisons and rehabilitation became a focus of the prison system

8. Extra, Extra…Read all about it • As technology improved the spread of information through penny papers led to the nation wide spread of ideas • Magazines also became popular and spread the opinions of groups of people

9. Movers and Shakers • As some people tried to change society, Utopian Communities aimed to start over working for food and other necessities • Religious Groups like shakers, created by the Beliefs of Anna Lee also formed communities to work in cooperation for the good of the community • Shakers vowed not to marry or have children, but to live together in harmony without fighting. • The shaker movement would eventually die out, but some of their contributions to society would remain

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