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DISASTER RESILIENT TRANSPORTATATION SYSTEMS. A PRIMER OF KNOWLEDGE THAT CAN MULTIPLY AND SPILL OVER FOR THE BENEFIT OF MILLIONS. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.
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DISASTER RESILIENT TRANSPORTATATION SYSTEMS A PRIMER OF KNOWLEDGE THAT CAN MULTIPLY AND SPILL OVER FOR THE BENEFIT OF MILLIONS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA
A NATURAL DISASTER CAN PARALYZE LOCAL, REGIONAL, AND INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
LOSS OF FUNCTION OF A TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM CAN PARALYZE LOCAL, REGIONAL, AND INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS • Provide an essential function to society by moving people and goods from point “A” to point “B” • Represent a substantial share of a country’s GDP (11% for USA.)
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS • Types: Roads, railroads, mass transit, water-borne and air transport systems, and pipelines • Scales: urban, regional, national, and international.
Built infrastructure roads, runways, airports, terminals, railways, stations, canals, ports, traffic control centers, maintenance and operation facilities, pipelines, etc. Operations side vehicles, traffic safety and control, power, commun-ications and signaling, maintenance, transportation operators, etc. ELEMENTS OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
FEATURES THAT AFFECT RESILIENCY • Extend over broad geographical areas • Large number of components that are subject to either POINT or AREA failure.
FEATURES THAT AFFECT RESILIENCY (Continued) • Roadways and railways frequently follow river valleys (easier and cheaper to build) • Utilities, including pipelines, often follow right-of-ways (reduces legal problems and costs)
FEATURES THAT AFFECT RESILIENCY (Continued) • Multiple entities have responsibility for or oversight of the system • Typically owned by public entities and publicly funded • Usually self insured
FEATURES THAT AFFECT RESILIENCY (Continued) • Different modes of trans-portation are interconnected • They interact with each other and other elements of a community’s built environ-ment; hence, the name, Lifeline systems”.
HIGHWAY SYSTEMSFlooding from tropical storms, hurricanes, and typhoons,Landslides (rock falls, spreads, slides, flows)Earthquakes (ground shaking)