Explorers

1. Explorers Many different groups of explorers came to the Pacific Northwest for many different reasons. (Click to go to next slide; no timing)

2. Spain Spain explorers were the first explorers to claim the northern Pacific Coast, but they weren’t interest in settling in it. Some possible reasons why they didn’t settle there was; there were no mineral such as gold or silver on the pacific coast or there was no large population for the Spanish to capture for slaves.

3. Why the Spanish came A reason why they came was they wanted to claim land for Spain.

4. Challenges Spanish Explorers faced A challenge that Spanish Explorers faced was Scurvy. Scurvy is a disease common to sailors, it is caused by lack of vitamin C. Scurvy causes bleeding gums, swollen and weak arms and legs, and sores on the body. In addition, another challenge they faced was pirates. Pirate ships usually attacks Spanish ships that are carrying expensive goods from China.

5. Spanish Contributions Some Spanish contributions was; Building a fort on Nootka Sound and naming the Strait of Juan de Fuca.

6. British explorers; why the came, challenges, and contributions. The British came to search for the Northwest passage. A challenge British explorers faced was, they were attacked by the Native Americans. A contribution British Explorers made was finding the Hawaiian Islands.

7. English explorers; why they came, challenges, and contributions. They came to trade furs with China A Challenge they faced was bad weather. A contribution they made was naming the Columbia river.

8. Fur Traders The Era of Fur Trading!

9. Forts Many forts were build for trading furs, one of the most successful forts was called “Fort Vancouver”. McLoughlin, the owner of Hudson’s Bay Company created Fort Vancouver near the mouth of the Willamette River. The Hudson’s Bay Company moved all their trading goods, animals, and people to the Fort Vancouver.

10. Fort Vancouver Fort Vancouver contained a hospital, small houses for employees and their Indian wives, storehouses for furs, trade goods, and workshops for blacksmiths, carpenters, and other craftsmen. Many different people came to Fort Vancouver to trade furs, like beaver pelts.

11. End of Fur trade era By late 1840s the fur trade era was over. Some of the reasons for this was; The fur-bearing animals were nearly all gone, style changed, and pioneers were beginning to move into the area.

12. Native Americans and Missionaries. The missionaries effected the life of the native Americans very much. At first, the Native Americans help the missionaries build churches and houses. But then, the Indians thought that the missionaries were trying to force them to be Christen. The result of that led the Indians to attack the missionaries, killing many of them, including the Whitmens.

13. White settlers and Indians The white settlers effected the daily life of the Indians very much. For example, as the white Settlers arrive, they bought diseases with them, for example, smallpox. Smallpox and other diseases wiped out whole Indian villages; the Indians had no immunity to diseases. They also forced the Indians to move to Reservations so they could have more land.

14. Federal Government We live by a Federal Government so it would be fair for all the people. A Federal Government makes laws that apply to everyone in the country. That makes it fair because I would be able to do the same thing as other people in this country.

15. Democracy, monarchy, and oligarchy A Democracy means a government ruled by the majority. A Monarchy means a government ruled by a single person. A Oligarchy means a government ruled by a few people

16. Bill of rights The bill of rights are the 10 amendments added to the constitution. These amendments include freedom of religion, speech, and press. In addition, some others are; right to assemble, to bear arms, the right to a speedy public trial, and a trial by jury. These amendments are very important to our way of life in America.

17. Legislative Branch The legislative branch is also known as Congress. There are 2 house in the legislative branch called House of Representative and the Senate.

18. Legislative continued The Senate has 100 Members, two from each state.Senators are elected for 6-year terms. A senator must live in the state from which he is chosen. A senator must be at least 30 years of age.A senator must have been a citizen of the United States for at least 9 yearsThe House of Representatives is made up of  435 members. A state that has a big population will have many  representatives. A state that has a small population will have only a few representatives.Every state must have at least one representative.Members are elected by the people for 2-year terms.A representative must live in the state from which he is chosen.A representative must be at least 25 years of age.A representative must have been a citizen for at least 7 years.

19. Executive Branch People in the executive branch are a president, vice president, and lots of agencies. The president’s job is to approve or veto (disapprove) laws that Congress makes. If the president veto a law, but over 2/3 congress members says “yes”, then the law passes.

20. Judicial Branch The judicial branch include the Supreme Court, Appeals Court, and lower courts. The judicial Branch job’s to decide arguments about meaning of laws, how they are applied, and whether they break the law of the Constitution.

21. Judicial Branch continued The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States.  The Supreme Court hears cases that have made their way through the court system, but of the more than 7,500 cases that are sent to the Supreme Court each year, only about 80 to 100 cases are actually accepted.  Once the Supreme Court makes a decision, it can only be changed by another Supreme Court decision or by amending (changing) the Constitution.  This is a very important power that can affect the lives of a lot of people.  The Supreme Court is made up of nine Justices, or judges.  One of these is the Chief Justice.  They are appointed by the President and must be approved by the Senate.  Justices have their jobs for life.

22. How a idea becomes a law First people write the idea on a bill and the bill is sent to a committee in the house or Senate. If the committee passes it, it goes to the Rules Committee and gets a date where it will be discussed on. On the day, Senators and representatives debate the bill, and if it passes the bill gets reviewed once more by the Rules Committee, then given a final vote.

23. How a idea becomes a law continued If it pass the final vote, then it goes to the governor. Then the governor can choose to pass it or veto. If he veto and more than 2/3 members of both house vote “yes”, then it overrides the veto and it passes.

24. The End Thanks for watching!