American Studies I CP

1. American Studies I CP Chapter 11 Section 4

2. Grant takes control • 1864 Confederate had a plan • Hold on and keep the Union out of Richmond • There was going to be an election in November • If we can subsist… we may have peace

4. Battle of the Wilderness • Grant on his way to Richmond • Union 115,000 troops • Confederates 64,000 • Grant knew that Lee would have to fight!

5. Three major battles • May 5 2 days Battle of the Wilderness (about the same spot as Chancellorsville the year before) Heavy woods Fire and smoke and some friendly fire Confederate General Longstreet is killed, 3 miles from where Jackson was shot

6. May 8th • Spotsylvania • Series of clashes for two weeks • Heaviest fighting took place on May 12 • High union loss of life.. Grant told Lincoln that I propose to fight out on this line if it takes all summer.

8. Battle of Cold Harbor • 8 miles from Richmond • 7,000 Union troops fall

9. The Siege of Petersburg • Unable to defeat Lee he attacks Petersburg a railway center • Cuts off food to Richmond • Attack failed

10. In less than two months • Grant’s army had suffered 65,000 casualties

11. June 18 1864 • Siege of Petersburg • Lee sets up his defenses • Lee hadn’t lost as many men, but he can’t replace them. He will wait for election • *** note the North had allowed all black units ***

12. Shenandoah Valley • Grant knew it was important source of food • Told General Phil Sheridan “Do all the damage to railroads and crops you can… if the war is to last another year, we want the Shenandoah Valley to be a barren waste land”

14. Sherman in Georgia • The Capture of Atlanta • Confederate commander Joseph Johnston • He would try to hold out for the presidential election • July 1864 the union in just 4 miles away • Johnston is replaced by Hood • Hood attacks and gives the 98,000 Union troops what they wanted

15. Confederates retreat • 62,00 remaining forces are reduced to 45,000 and they retreat back to the strong defenses of Atlanta

16. Siege of Atlanta • In early September the Confederates leave and burn city

17. Sherman Marches to the Sea • War is cruel • The crueler it is, the sooner it will be over! • November 1864 and 62,000 Union troops • Burned Atlanta and march to the sea to cut a 300 mile long path of destruction across Georgia. • Savannah is captured without a fight Dec 21, 1864

19. Election of 1864 • Lincoln and Andrew Johnston WIN! • ****different views on post war****

20. Thirteenth Amendment • December 18, 1865

21. Sherman goes North • South Carolina • Cut off supplies • First state to leave union • Had little fighting • Break the south • Houses were burned…. • Columbia was burned….

22. Richmond April 1865 • 35,000 starving troops • Lee tried to flee and met up with Johnston • Grant cuts them off each time

23. Appomottox Court House • April 9, 1865 • Lee meets with Grant • Lee in full dress uniform and Grant in a private’s uniform

24. Terms… • Southern soldiers could take their horses and mules and go home • Would not be punished as traitors as long as they obeyed the laws of their state and federal government • Grant offered to feed the Confederate army

25. After the two men sign • Soldiers began to fire artillery salutes • Grant orders the celebration stopped • The rebels are our countrymen again

26. Lincoln Assassinated • April 14, 1865 • Ford’s Theater • John Wilkes Booth

27. Section 4 Assessment • #1 What did the Battle of the Wilderness reveal about Grant’s strategy?

28. #2 • What happened at the Battle of Spotsylvania and the Battle of Cold Harbor

29. #3 • What had the South hoped for in the election of 1864? • Why did the election turn out differently? • McClellan vs. Lincoln

30. #4 • What was the Thirteenth Amendment accomplish

31. #5 • Who was John Wilkes Booth?