Persuasive Speeches

Persuasive Speeches Chapter 16 Recap/Lecture

Your next speech…. • 4 to 6 minutes (Change from syllabus) • Materials: Keyword outline & note cards • Visual aid: PowerPoint (emailed to powerpoints2goldman@gmail.com by 8 p.m. on the day before your presentation; also bring back up copy) • Research required: at least 4 sources (with citations) • Areas of Focus: EVERYTHING

Informative vs. Persuasive • Knowledge and Understanding vs. Attempting to change or convince • Similarities: clear and concise, organized, strong delivery, ethical, credible, appropriate use of language

Importance/Role of Persuasion • Persuasive speech: ‘attempting to create, reinforce, or change your audience’s beliefs or actions’ (p. 300) • Understanding persuasion—important for speakers and listeners • Speaker as advocate

Ethical Persuasion • Ethical goals and methods • Avoid subtle and blatant dishonesty • Power of language • ‘learn about all sides of issue and competing viewpoints’ (p. 301)

Persuasion as Psychological Process • 2 or more viewpoints; competing or different angle/degree • Degrees of Persuasion • Strongly opposed -------------- Strongly in favor • Audience analysis/centeredness  knowledge AND attitude • Mental dialogue (give and take) with audience • Set realistic goals • Will everyone change their beliefs/opinions after hearing one speech?

Target Audiences; Audience Centeredness • Advertising = big example of persuasion and targeting audiences • Check out these ads; what’s the persuasive message & who is the target audience?

Types of Persuasive Speeches • Persuasive speeches on • Questions of Fact • Questions of Value • Questions of Policy

Addressing Questions of Fact • True answer exists; may not have enough information yet • Inconclusive info • Speculations and Predictions • Choose side -- present those facts, persuasively • Popular org. pattern – Topical • Main points = reasons to agree

Addressing Questions of Value • Includes facts; Demands value judgments • Right or wrong? Good or bad? Moral or immoral? Fair or unfair? • Pick a side; justify your claim • Standards for the value judgment? • Popular org. pattern – Topical • Establish the standards  apply the standards

Addressing Questions of Policy • Course of action – should or shouldn’t be taken • Can include questions of fact and/or value; step further by deciding what should be done • Passive agreement vs. Immediate action • Convincing that something should be done vs. Convincing someone to do what should be done (specific call to action) • Must identify need, plan, and practicality

Addressing Questions of Policy • Popular org. patterns • Problem-Solution Order • Need/seriousness of problem  plan for solving the problem/practicality • Problem-Cause-Solution Order • Identify the problem  analyze cause of problem  solution to problem • Comparative Advantages Order • Each main point = why your solution is better than others • Monroe’s Motivated Sequence (MMS) • Attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, action

SPEECH WORKSHOP • In class today: • HW: Examples of speeches • Brainstorming and Audience Analysis • Next class (Thursday): MMS speeches/Infomercials

Persuasive Speeches