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Islam

Islam. The main religion of the Middle East ~ 1.4 billion Muslims worldwide; 20% of Earth Islam = the religion Muslims = the followers of Islam (people). The Story of Islam. The prophet, Muhammad Born in 570 AD – Dies 632 AD. Muhammad’s Story. Born in Mecca Raised by Grandfather

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Islam

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  1. Islam • The main religion of the Middle East • ~ 1.4 billion Muslims worldwide; 20% of Earth • Islam = the religion • Muslims = the followers of Islam (people)

  2. The Story of Islam • The prophet, Muhammad • Born in 570 AD – Dies 632 AD

  3. Muhammad’s Story • Born in Mecca • Raised by Grandfather and Uncle • Watched problems with religion and society, and often meditated on them • Traveled the Middle East as a trader, allowing him to talk and converse with others

  4. The Kaaba Site at which visitors come to pray, $$$$ Polytheism Belief in multiple gods like Zeus, Athena, Jupiter, Mars, etc. Mecca

  5. Muhammad is confused • 610 AD • Muhammad noticed the materialism of Mecca and its people • The town was based around money, wealth and tourism • “My poverty is my pride” • What is materialism?

  6. Materialism

  7. Gabriel comes to Muhammad • Gabriel is an angel • Gives the words of Allah to Muhammad

  8. The word of God (Allah) is collected in the Koran Teaching on how to live a proper life Morals, Virtues Vices Basically, an expansion of the Christian and Jewish Bible The Koran or (Qur'an)

  9. Muhammad makes his revelations public • All religions have revelations…what are they? • A figure usually appears to a person and instructs them in the ways of a higher power • 613 AD, Muhammad begins to attract followers • Monotheism – belief in only ONE God • Mono means one, theism means higher power

  10. Muhammad’s flight • Muhammad and his followers leave Mecca to Medina 622 AD • The government in Mecca doesn’t like his message...why? • Muhammad begins to attract more and more followers • Why?

  11. Muhammad’s Return • 630 AD Muhammad returns and the Meccan’s join Muhammad and his followers • Muhammad dies in 632 AD • His ideas and the religion had spread as far west as Spain and as far east as China

  12. So now what? • Who should lead? • Who decides religious disputes and disagreements? • Some people say the next leader of Islam should be related to Muhammad • Some people say he should be elected

  13. Sunnis We should elect Muhammad’s successor! 85% of Muslims are Sunni Shia The successor to Muhammad should be related to Muhammad! 15% of Muslims are Shia Sunnis and Shia

  14. What country is majority Shia?

  15. Recap • Muhammad  founder of Islam • Allah  the God of Islam • Koran  Holy book of Islam • Mecca, Saudi Arabia  city that is the center of Islam • Sunnis believe leader of Islamic church should be elected • Shia  believe leader of Islamic church should be related to Muhammad

  16. The Five Pillars of Islam • 5 basic principles or beliefs of Islam • According to the Koran, if you live by these tenants, you will be allowed into heaven • All pillars try to bring out your best virtues and morals

  17. 1. Shahada • Profession of faith • “There is no God but Allah” • Muhammad is the true prophet of Allah • Performed daily

  18. Muslims pray 5 times a day; each prayer is different Sunrise, usually 5-6 am Noon, usually between 12-1 pm Afternoon, around 4:30 pm Sunset, around 7 Nightfall, around 9:30 Prayer call is made from minarets 2. Salah, or prayer

  19. Minarets and prayer call • Towers with speakers • Extremely artistic • Height competition for ancient rulers

  20. 3. Sawm, or fasting • Not eating or drinking during specific hours of the day • Holy month of Ramadan • Cannot eat while the sun is in the sky • Celebrated because this was the month that Muhammad received the Koran • Going without, controlling one’s desires

  21. 4. Zakat, or charity • Giving a portion of one’s wealth and money to the poor • Helping others who are less fortunate • 2% of what you earn should be given up

  22. Pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca Go to Mecca at least once in your life; repeat Muhammad’s journey Masjid al-Haram 5. Hajj

  23. The Kaaba in Mecca

  24. After your pilgrimage…

  25. Mosque- Islamic Church Ramadan- Holy month of fasting Monotheism Theology-Study of religion Kaaba- Holy shrine of Islam Koran or Qu’ran- Islamic bible Minaret- prayer tower Pilgrimage- religious journey 5 pillars Shahada- “there is no…” Salah- prayer Sawm- fasting Zakat- charity Hajj- pilgrimage to Mecca Islamic Vocabulary

  26. Mosque • An Islamic place of worship • Synonym = church

  27. Caliph • Islamic ruler of church and state • Caliphate = Islamic empire

  28. Imam • Islamic priest

  29. Sharia • Islamic Law • The laws of the government and society are the laws from the Koran • Non-secular at its finest

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