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The Decline of the Arab Empire: Turks, Crusaders, and Mongols. I. Introduction. Dissension and Crisis. II. The Withering of Abbasid Power. A. Regional Independence 1. The Aghlabids (800-909) B. The Shi'a Challenge 1. Fatimid Egypt (909-1171). II. The Withering of Abbasid Power.
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The Decline of the Arab Empire: Turks, Crusaders, and Mongols
I. Introduction • Dissension and Crisis
II. The Withering of Abbasid Power A. Regional Independence 1. The Aghlabids (800-909) B. The Shi'a Challenge 1. Fatimid Egypt (909-1171)
II. The Withering of Abbasid Power C. Court Problems 1. Civil War (811-819) • Turks • Buyids and Seljuqs D. Impact
III. Origins of the Crusades A. A Brief Review of the Byzantine Empire 1. Manzikert (1071) 2. Alexius Comnenus (1081-1118) B. Urban II (r. 1088-1099) 1. Plenary Indulgences
IV. The Crusades A. The First Crusade (1097-1099) 1. The Sack of Jerusalem (July 1099) 2. Outremer 3. Why Successful?
IV. Crusades in the Holy Lands B. The Second Crusade (1145-1149) C. The Third Crusade (1188-1192) 1. Salah al-Din (1169-1193) 2. The Treaty of Jaffa (1192) 3. Results
IV. Crusades in the Holy Lands D. The Fourth Crusade (1198-1204) 1. The Sack of Constantinople (1204) E. The Fifth Crusade (1213-1229) F. Later Crusades
V. The Mongols A. The Sack of Baghdad (1258) B. Mamluk Egypt (1250-1517) 1. Battle of Ayn Jalut (1260) 2. The End of Outremer
VI. Results A. The Muslim Middle East B. The Byzantine Empire C. Europe
VII. Conclusion • Historical Myth and Memory