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Do Now: Read and summarize “An American Story” on page 695. Objectives: Students will be able to...(1 ) describe the New Deal coalition ( 2 ) compare and contrast the two New Deals Homework: Study for the Test!. The Election of 1936 (523-8 FDR Win). People owed New Deal
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Do Now: Read and summarize “An American Story” on page 695 Objectives: Students will be able to...(1) describe the New Deal coalition (2) compare and contrast the two New Deals Homework: Study for the Test!
The Election of 1936 (523-8 FDR Win) • People owed New Deal • Eleanor Roosevelt brought change in African American and Women’s vote • Made modest gains during regime • Francis Perkins (AA Secretary of Labor) • Republican Candidate: Alfred Landon • New Deal violates American System • Huey Long assassinated in 1935 • Union Party (Coughlin & Townsend Supporters) • No Strong Leader
Court-Packing (First Political Mistake) • Supreme Court struck down programs (AAA) • FDR Furious – “Nine old men” blocking majority • FDR Proposed Bill that stated: • If a justice served for 10 years anddid not retire within 6 months of 70, President could appoint another judge • Gave impression FDR was going against Checks and Balances and set precedent • AA’s afraid of future presidents to overturn segregation laws • Court-Packing Act didn’t pass, but judges retired and were filled with New Deal supporters • FDR got wish, but his image was hurt a little
Roosevelt Recession • Early in 1937 economy appeared to be in full recovery • FDR decided it was time to balance budget • FDR pulled money from PWA and WPA just as Social Security removed $2 billion from economy • 2 Million people thrown out of work • John Maynard Keynes – You need to spend during recession and FDR made a mistake. • Recession Hurt FDR – Republicans winning more seats and New Deal Era came to an end
Legacy of the New Deal • Economy never fully recovered until after WWII • Gave Americans sense of security and stability • The Broker State: Government role of working out conflicts among different interests (This role continues today) • Balanced competing economic interests: • Business leaders, farmers, workers, consumers, homeowners, and other. • New Role: • Created a safety net: protection against disaster • People felt gvt. had duty to maintain safety net • Critics: Argued it made gvt. too powerful
I’ll leave you with this… • Journalist Dorothy Thompson: • “ We have behind us eight terrible years of a crisis…Here we are, and our basic institutions are still intact, our people relatively prosperous and most important of all, our society relatively affectionate…No country is so well off”