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Radical Days of the French Revolution: From Monarchy to Democracy

Explore the radical phase of the French Revolution as France transitions from constitutional monarchy to democratic despotism and the Napoleonic Empire. Understand events like the abolition of the monarchy, the Reign of Terror, and the shift towards nationalism and social reforms. Learn about key figures like Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety. Discover the impact of ideology on revolutionary changes and reflect on the consequences of extreme measures. Uncover the transformation of France's political landscape during this tumultuous period.

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Radical Days of the French Revolution: From Monarchy to Democracy

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  1. 3.3 Radical Days of the Revolution Objective: to understand the events of the radical phase of the French Revolution

  2. Today’s Standard • 10.2.4. Explain how the ideology of the French Revolution led France to develop from constitutional monarchy to democratic despotism to the Napoleonic Empire. • Ideology-a system of thought or belief

  3. Build Background • What does radical mean? • Talk to your partner 30 seconds • radical- extreme; departure from the usual or traditional • Example: Christine always had long hair so it was a radical change when she cut it short

  4. I. The Monarchy is Abolished • Failures in battles abroad angered revolutionaries, they attempt to kill the king • The “September Massacres”- angry mobs attacked prisons killing 1,200 prisoners, nobles and ordinary prisoners

  5. What do you think is happening in this picture? How do you know? 10 August1792 Paris Commune - The Storming of the Tuileries Palace

  6. I. The Monarchy is Abolished • Jacobins write a constitution abolishing the monarchy and titles of nobility called the “Convention” • Suffrage- the right to vote was granted to all male citizens • Louis XVI executed

  7. Execution of Louis XVI

  8. Questions- • 1.What occurred after radicals took control of the assembly? • 2.How did the wars abroad affect the revolutionaries behavior?

  9. II. Terror and Danger Grip France • 1793- France is at war with Britain, Netherlands, Spain, and Prussia • Food Shortages still • Royalists and priests led rebellions

  10. II. Terror and Danger Grip France cont. • Committee of Public Safety (CPS) –Convention created a 12 members committee had pretty much absolute power • CPS was in charge of trials and executions, levied a mass tax to pay for the war

  11. Question- • Why did the Convention create the Committee on Public Safety?

  12. II. Terror and Danger Grip France cont. • Robespierre “the Incorruptible”-Lead member of the Committee for Public Safety • Believed in Justice through Terror

  13. Robespierre “the Incorruptible” • “Liberty cannot be secured, unless criminals lose their heads.” –Maximilien Robespierre • Do you agree?

  14. II. Terror and Danger Grip France cont. • Reign of Terror (1793-1794)- a period of mass hasty trials and public executions • Suspects were “enemies of the revolution” 300,000 arrested 17,000 executed • Many were cases of mistaken identity or falsely accused

  15. Terror and Danger Grip France cont. • guillotine- engine of terror, fast falling blade kills instantly • Within a year the terror ended, with the execution of Robespierre

  16. Question-talk to your partner to help answer • Did the actions of the Committee promote the original ideas of the revolution or go against them?

  17. III. The Revolution Enters Its Third Stage • Convention writes another constitution…the Constitution of 1795 • It set up a 2 house legislature and a 5 man “Directory” • Directory was unpopular faced many problems

  18. IV. Revolution Brings Change • Nationalism- Strong feelings of pride and devotion to a country • Nationalism spread throughout France, people wore the tricolor, red “liberty caps”, called all people “Citizen”

  19. IV. Revolution Brings Change cont. • France set up state schools • Systems to help the poor, veterans, old • Abolished slavery

  20. Questions • What changes occurred after the Reign of Terror came to an end?

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