1 / 25

05-First 2 years Biosocial Development

05-First 2 years Biosocial Development. Biosocial Development. Body Brain Senses Good health. Body changes. Size. 2X birth weight by 4 months 3X birth weight by age 1 4X birth weight by age 2 . Head sparing.

wardah
Download Presentation

05-First 2 years Biosocial Development

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 05-First 2 years Biosocial Development

  2. Biosocial Development • Body • Brain • Senses • Good health

  3. Body changes

  4. Size • 2X birth weight by 4 months • 3X birth weight by age 1 • 4X birth weight by age 2

  5. Head sparing • If starving, the body stops growing, but not the brain • The brain is the last part of the body to be damaged by malnutrition

  6. Sleep • Good sleep = good health • Newborns sleep 15 – 17 hours • REM sleep • Rapid eye movement • Flickering of closed eyes • Rapid brain waves • Dreaming • ½ of newborn sleep is REM sleep • Declines with age

  7. Brain development

  8. Neurons • Basic nerve cell in central nervous system • Axons • Dendrites • Synapses • Intersection on neurons (axons & dendrites) • Neurotransmitters • Chemical messengers • Carry information from one neuron to another • Transient Exuberance & Pruning • Transient Exuberance – Increases dendrites • Pruning – Misconnected dendrites atrophy and die

  9. Brain structure

  10. Brain stem • Automatic responses • Heartbeat • Breathing • Temperature

  11. Cortex • Outer layer of the brain • Activities • Thinking • Feeling • Sensing • Visual • Auditory • Sensory • Motor

  12. Prefrontal cortex • Last to develop • Assists with self-control of impulses • Reasoning • Analysis • Ethics

  13. Fusiform Face Area • Face perception • “Own race effect” • From experience

  14. Experience • Types of experiences • Experience-expectant • The brain expects and needs certain experiences to develop. • Based on experiences all infants have (e.g. being talked to) • E.g. Being talked to results in learning language • Experience-dependent • Culture based • E.g. Which language is learned

  15. Shaken baby syndrome • Life threatening • Blood vessels rupture in the brain • Neural connections beak • “Abusive Head Trauma”

  16. Sensory & Motor Skills

  17. Sensation-Perception-Cognition • Sensation • Detects stimulus • Perception • Processes the stimulus • Based on experience • Cognition (Thinking) • Gives meaning to the stimulus

  18. Motor skills • Gross motor skills • Large muscles • E.g. walking • Muscle strength • Brain maturation • (Motor cortex) • Practice • Fine motor skills • Small muscles • E.g writing

  19. Vision • Least developed at birth

  20. Good Health

  21. Immunization (Vaccinations) • Creates antibodies for specific contagious diseases by stimulating the immune system. • The flu • Chicken pox • Polio • Risk of disease is much greater than risk from immunization

  22. Breast feeding • Breast is best • Colostrum • High calorie fluid – first 3 days • Milk • Rich in iron & vitamins • Provides antibodies (if mother has antibodies) • Decreases risk of allergies, asthma, and stomach aches • Decreases risk of obesity and heart disease in adulthood (many other factors involved)

More Related