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Kingdom Animalia. Characteristics of Animals. Eukaryotic cells – have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles Heterotrophic – must ingest their food Diploid – two copies of each chromosome Multicellular – made of many cells Forms a Blastula – a hollow ball of cells.
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Characteristics of Animals • Eukaryotic cells – have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles • Heterotrophic – must ingest their food • Diploid – two copies of each chromosome • Multicellular – made of many cells • Forms a Blastula – a hollow ball of cells
Characteristics of Animals • Motile – can move during at least one stage of life • Some that do not move during a stage of life are called sessile See Visual Concepts Ch 28 “Reproduction in Jellyfish”
Animal Body Plan Animals are described according to their arrangement of body symmetry • Asymmetry - irregular shape • Radial symmetry - arranged around a central axis • Bilateral symmetry - there are distinctive right and left halves
Animal Body Plan Body Planes • Dorsal - upper • Ventral - lower • Anterior - front • Posterior - rear
Internal Body Cavity • Acoelomates – have no body cavity; filled with tissue (ex: flatworms) • Pseudocoelomates – have a body cavity located between the mesoderm and endoderm (roundworms) • Coelomate – have a true coelom, a body cavity located entirely within the mesoderm (segmented worms, and higher animals including humans) Ectoderm Mesoderm Endoderm