1 / 64

Mediastinum

Mediastinum. Anatomy & Physiology PA 481 C Tony Serino, Ph.D. Biology Department Misericordia Univ. Mediastinum. Superior. Anterior. Middle. Posterior. Superior and anterior are continuous with each other; both may be referred to as the superior mediastinum. Superior Mediastinum.

whitney-duran
Download Presentation

Mediastinum

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Mediastinum Anatomy & Physiology PA 481 C Tony Serino, Ph.D. Biology Department Misericordia Univ.

  2. Mediastinum Superior Anterior Middle Posterior Superior and anterior are continuous with each other; both may bereferred to as the superior mediastinum

  3. Superior Mediastinum Transverse thoracic plane Aortic arch Great Vessels of the Heart

  4. Remnant of Ductus arteriosus Ligamentumarteriosum

  5. Usual Aortic Arch Pattern LC RC LS RS BT 65% of all people

  6. Aortic Arch Variations left vert. a. 27% one BT withboth CC exiting 5% 1.2% two BT

  7. SVC Vagus Phrenic BC BC SVC

  8. Pulmonary Arteries and Veins

  9. Trachea and Primary bronchi

  10. Structure Order Trachea BC PA Aorta

  11. Esophagus • Function: Deglutition • Two sphincters: upper and lower esophageal sphincters (lower is physiological only) • Retropleural position (therefore, covered by adventitia) • Mucosa: stratified squamous with many mucus glands (esophageal glands) • Muscularis: changes from skeletal to smooth muscle

  12. Esophagus Histology

  13. Thymus Gland • Bilobed organ that is largest in children, but begins to regress sharply at the onset of puberty (around age 11) • It is the site of T-cell lymphocyte production and produces hormones (such as, thymosin) that modifies their physiology

  14. General Circulatory System • Cardiovascular • Consists of a closed system of vessels which transport blood • Two circuits: Systemic and Pulmonary • Arteries move blood away from the heart • Veins move blood toward the heart

  15. General Circulatory System • Lymphvascular –moves lymph • Consist of blind end tubes which collect interstitial fluid (now called lymph) and returns it to circulation • The lymph is cleaned before returned to the blood vessels

  16. Heart Development

  17. Fetal Circulation

  18. Selected Heart Defects

  19. Heart as a Dual Pump • Cardiac muscle arranged as whorls that squeeze the blood • Twin pumps: systemic and pulmonary • Four chambers: 2 atria and 2 ventricles

  20. Cardiac Muscle Cells

  21. Cardiac Muscle Depolarization

  22. Conductance of Ions during Depolarization

  23. Heart: Location

  24. Heart in Relation to other Organs

  25. Layers of the Heart and Pericardium

  26. Heart: Anterior View Transverse Pericardial sinus

  27. Heart: Posterior View Oblique Pericardial sinus

  28. Heart: Internal Anatomy

  29. Differences in Ventricular Wall

  30. Coronary Artery Schematic (LAD)

  31. Most Common Coronary Arterial Pattern Circumflex a. L. Marginal a. Ant. Desc. a. (LAD) Post. Desc. a. R. Marginal a. Fig. 1.51

  32. Coronary Variation 15% LCA dominant Most people right dominant. (note: which branch gives rise to posterior descending a.determines dominance) Single CA Circumflex from right aortic sinus (4% have an accessory coronary artery)

  33. Fig. 12.66b

  34. Fig. 12.66c

  35. Fig. 12.66d

  36. Coronary Vein Schematic

  37. Coronary Veins Ant. Cardiac veins Great Cardiac v. Coronary sinus Small Cardiac v. Middle Cardiac v. Fig. 1.52

  38. Major Cardiac Valves

  39. Heart Valves cusps sinus AV (tricuspid) aortic valve (SL) Nodule (corpara aranti)

  40. Fig. 12.07b

  41. Diastole: Period of Ventricular Filling

  42. Systole: Isovolumetric Contraction

  43. Systole: Ventricular Ejection

  44. Diastole: Isovolumetric Relaxation

  45. Conduction System of Heart

  46. Pacemaker Potential

  47. ECG and electrical changes

  48. Normal ECG

More Related