Road map in the field of nuclear physics at the JINR (draft)

1. 99 –th Session of the JINR Scintific Council 19 - 20 January 2006 Road map in the field of nuclear physics at the JINR (draft) M.G. Itkis JINR, Dubna

2. Nuclear Physics with Neutrons The scientific program in the field of nuclear physics with neutrons will be implemented using existing neutron sources at JINR (IBR-2, EG-5) and other Russian and foreign neutron centers. Experimental activity will be concentrated on the topics, which are most important for the modern nuclear physics, both in fundamental and applied research fields: • Fundamental research • Experiments with polarized neutrons/nuclei • Fundamental properties of the neutron • Ultracold neutrons and neutron optics • Nuclear fission • (n,p), (n,), nuclear structure studies • Applied research • Nuclear data for science and technology • Environmental studies – REGATA project • Neutron logging in space

3. Financial resources Theme 1036 Nuclear Physics with Neutrons Theme 0993 IREN Project Extra-budget funds • 6 RFBR Grants ~200 k$ a year • 2 ISTC Grants ~150 k$ a year • 1 INTAS Grant ~20 k$ a year

4. Personnel • About 140 people are working in the filed • ~100 for the theme 1036 • ~40 for the theme 0993 (IREN project)

5. Summary • Fundamental research • Experiments with polarized neutrons/nuclei • Test of the Time Reversal Invariance in Nuclear Reactions with Polarized Neutrons • Investigation of parity violation effect in lead at IBR-2 • Study of neutron spin precession at IBR-2 • Search for the weak neutral current in the nucleon-nucleon interaction at ILL • Fundamental properties of the neutron • Direct measurement of the neutron-neutron scattering cross-section at the reactor YAGUAR, Snezhinsk. • Measurement of neutron mean square charge radius • Ultracold neutrons and neutron optics • Neutron lifetime measurement • UCN weak upscattering • Test of the equivalence principle • Precise measurement of the free falling acceleration for neutron • Nuclear fission • Neutron-induced fission studies at n_TOF (CERN) • Measurements of prompt fission neutron emission at Geel (Belgium) • Studies of LCP-accompanied fission at Jyvaskyla (Finland) and Uppsala (Sweden) • Experiment with Mini-Fobos at IBR-2 – search for exotic fission modes • Applied research • Nuclear data for science and technology • Measurements of fission cross sections at n_TOF (CERN) • (n,p), (n,) measurements • Measurements of prompt fission neutron emission at Geel (Belgium) • Measurements of delayed neutron emission at IBR-2 • Measurements of total, fission, and capture cross sections for minor actinides and constructive materials at IBR-2 • Environmental studies – REGATA project • Neutron logging in space

6. Recommendations on the futureof the IREN project • To realize the Ist stage of the project including: • disassembling and removal of the IBR-30 reactor, • design of the linear electron accelerator, • design of a nonmultiplying target; • Close down temporarily all other developments.

7. The subcritical assembly at DUBNA (SAD)(accelerator driven system for nuclear waste incineration) Most important issues: • operational safety of sub-critical systems; • measurement of the ADS power; • monitoring of the subcriticality; • radiation protection; • coupling of an accelerator with a sub-critical reactor system

8. Heavy Ion Physics • The scientific activity of the FLNR in the field of heavy-ion physics will be developed in three main directions. They are: • Physics and chemistry investigations of the superheavy nuclei with Z  112; structure and properties of the neutron reach light exotic nuclei; • acceleration technology; • heavy ion interaction with matter and applied research. • Staff 310 people (including 100 younger than 35 years old) • Budget~ 4.6 M$ • Out budget staff 110 people To accomplish these tasks the FLNR Cyclotron Complex will be developed for producing intense beams of accelerated ions of stable (48Ca, 58Fe, 64Ni, 86Kr) and radioactive (6He, 8He) isotopes. The U-400 and U-400M cyclotrons will be reconstructed; the facility DRIBS will be developed to be employed in the work; the set-up MASHA will be put into operation.

9. Chart of the nuclides 2004

10. Search in Nature Chemical properties(relativistic effect) Astrophysics(search for SHE in cosmic rays) Nucleosynthesis (test of the r-s process) Atomic physics(structure of SH-atoms) Elements with Z ≥ 120

13. Development of the FLNR cyclotron complex for producing intense beams of accelerated ions of stable and radioactive isotopes • Development of U400 and U400M, project design for modernization of the U400 cyclotron • Development of ECR-ion sources

14. U400  U400R • Cyclotron average magnetic field level from 0,8 up to 1,8 T, power consumption factor 4 less! • Beam intensity of masses A ≈ 50 and energy ≈ 6 MeV/n up to 4 pμA; • Ion energy variation on the target with factor 5; • Energy spread on the target up to 10-3; • Beam emittance on the target – 10 π mm·mrad.

15. U-400M Low energy beam acceleration and extraction

16. Dubna Radioactive Ion Beams

17. Radiation effects and modification of materials, radioanalytical and radioisotopic investigations using the FLNR accelerators • Investigations of radiation effects in condensed media; • Investigation of materials with low energy ions using ECR ion source; • Production of ultra-pure radioisotopes; • Design of accelerator complexes for condensed matter investigations and production of radionuclides.

18. Low and Intermediate Energy Physics The future research programme in the field of low and intermediate energy physics will arise from the modern trends in this field with the utilization of experimental facilities and nuclear physics techniques that have been created in the DLNP up to now.

19. Low and Intermediate Energy Physics The fundamental research will be concentrated on the following topics: Non-accelerator physics • The experimental investigation of neutrino properties via nuclear spectroscopic methods (NEMO, TGV, SuperNEMO, G&M and GEMMA) • Searching for the dark matter in the Universe (DM-GTF, EDELWEISS-2) • Experimental investigation of the space symmetry in nuclear semi-leptonic processes (AnCor) Accelerator physics • Experimental investigation of the muonic catalysis on nuclear fission reactions (TRITON) • Systematic experimental investigation of decay characteristics of radioactive nuclides and nuclear structures (YASNAPP-2 ISOL)

20. Low and Intermediate Energy Physics • The applied research will be mainly concentrated on improvement and further development of proton and heavy ion therapy as well as on both innovative nuclear energy systems and waste transmutation issues.

21. Nuclear Theory The scientific programme of BLTP in the field of nuclear theory will be concern with theoretical understanding of the nuclear many-body system. Many essential questions will be addressed to the nuclear structure and dynamics, nuclear astrophysics. Much of what we know about nuclei, their structure and dynamics comes from nuclear reactions. Since many-body reaction models do not exist, a synthesis between microscopic structure theory and reaction must be made to incorporated and imbed the important few-body and many-body correlations into the reaction matrix elements. The study of symmetries in nuclei and how these symmetries can be broken will give guidelines to how to unify the large body of present knowledge. In many of the astrophysical models nuclear theory has to bridge a gap between experimental data and astrophysical application. The strategy of the BLTP is close collaboration with the JINR experimental groups.