First Aid Project

1. First Aid Project By: Dominya Walker, Charles Armstad, Tiffany Headley, GeorgeAnnTighe

2. Emergency Action Plan

3. Emergency Action Plan • You should always have a clear plan of action to protect yourself and to help others providing first aid • First aid should always be the first care given to a patient before professional medical help arrives

4. Steps for Emergency Action Plan • First, you should always check if the scene is okay for you, the patient(s), and any bystanders. • You should then check for the life-threatening conditions: • Severe Bleeding: Any kind of sign can include blood pouring from open wound, blood in vomit, pain or swelling in the abdomen, and weakness or confusion. • Unconsciousness: You should gently tap the patient on the shoulder and ask, “Are you okay?” or say, “Please, Open your eyes.” If there is no response, the victim is most likely unconscious • Breathing Difficulties: First you should always look to see if the patient chest is rising and falling, listen for normal breathing or feel for escaping air against face. These signs may show that the patient is or is not breathing correctly. Gasping for air is also another sign of breathing difficulties.

5. Steps for Emergency Action Plan • Second, you should call 911 as fast as possible if patient shows any life-threatening conditions. Be prepared to answer the 911 operators questions and follow directions calmly and completely. If you are unsure about whether to call 911, the best thing to do is just call anyways.

6. Steps for Emergency Action Plan • And last, you should always be prepared to act quickly to provide first aid. Always care for patients with life-threatening conditions before anyone else. If you think a neck or spine injury in involved, do not move the patient unless it is absolutely necessary.

7. Shock

8. Signs of Shock • Restlessness of Irritability • Confusion or disorientation • Skin that is pale, ashen, bluish, cool, or moist • Rapid breathing • Rapid, weak pulse • Excessive thirst • Nausea or vomiting

9. Shock Information • Shock is a condition in which the heart fails to circulate blood adequately to the vital organs. • The more severe of the injury the more chance of shock occurring • Even if the injury isn't immediately life threatening, when shock occurs that is what can lead to be life threatening

10. How to treat a patient in shock • 1. Call 911 immediately if you suspect someone in shock • 2. Lay the victim on the floor or ground, if possible place a blanket or jacket beneath the victim to provide insulation • 3. Raise and support the victim’s leg if there is no leg or hip injury. This will improve blood flow to the vital organs • 4. Control any bleeding by applying direct pressure to the wound using sterile gauze pad or clean, absorbent cloth • 5. Cover the victim with a blanket or coat to keep him or her warm • 6. Monitor the victims breathing and pulse. Be prepared to begin rescue breathing or CPR

11. Severe Burns

12. Severe Burns • By reducing the severity of a burn once it occurs you should: Start giving first aid immediately, then start getting prompt medical attention • To prevent this from happening you should take actions to reduce our risk for burns by installing smoke detectors, planning emergency exit routes in the home, home, and work place

13. Signs of Severe Burns • Infection: change in color of the burnt area or surrounding skin, greenish discharge or pus, or change in thickness of the burn • Dehydration: Thirst, Weakness, or Dry skin

14. Severe Burn Information • 1st degree burns- affect only the outer layer of skin; causing pain & redness • 2nd degree burn- extendto the second layer of the skin; causing pain, redness, blisters that may ooze • 3rd degree burn- involve both layers of skin & damage under lying bones, muscles, and tendons or destroy nerve endings

15. The End