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Pemuda Buddhis and the Historical Imagination: Reviving Javanese Buddhist Community

Explore the revival of Javanese Buddhism through the activities of Pemuda Buddhis in Temanggung. Discover how youth are reimagining and relocalizing Buddhism in their everyday lives.

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Pemuda Buddhis and the Historical Imagination: Reviving Javanese Buddhist Community

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  1. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination.Becoming community in a Javanese Buddhist revival Roberto Rizzo PhD Candidate Cultural and Social Anthropology Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca *All pictures from the author, unless otherwise specified

  2. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Pemuda Buddhis Pemuda vs. remaja

  3. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Pemuda Buddhis The “old” and the “new”

  4. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination The “old” and “new” Buddhism in Java » Part of the religious world of the Javanese “Hindu-Buddhist” dynasties (~600 – 1470 DC) → Continuity of Javanist practices in the hinterland of the island » Introduction of modernist schools (Theravada, Vajrayana) through proselytism of the Theosophy movement (~1900 - today)

  5. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination The “old” and “new” Buddhism in Java A question of affiliation and ethnicity: Dutch, Chinese, Javanese Organizations branching out from Theosophy: » Batavian Buddhist Association (1934) » Sam Kauw Hwee (1929) (later: Tridharma) » ?

  6. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination From bhikku Jinarakkhita to Javanese Buddhism A history of youth associationism

  7. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination From Theosophy to Javanese Buddhism [1926] Pemuda Theosophi(Sumpah Pemuda, Pemuda Rakyat)

  8. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Tee Boan An (bhikku Jinarakkhita) (1923-2002) Bhikku Jinarakkhita, cca 1959 (source: harpin.com/category/50-tahun-wihara-dharmakirti )

  9. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination From Theosophy to Javanese Buddhism Tee Boan An (bhikku Jinarakkhita) (1923-2002) » Member of Pemuda Theosophi and Sam Kauw Hwee » Revival of the Buddhist sangha in Indonesia » Re-evaluation of Borobudur as Buddhist “Mecca” » [1963] Founder of Perbuddhi (later: Buddhayana) » The “mind” behind the proclamation of Buddhism as a state religion

  10. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination From Theosophy to Javanese Buddhism [1926] Pemuda Theosophi(Sumpah Pemuda, Pemuda Rakyat) [1963] Jinarakkhita and PERBUDDHI (later: Buddhayana) [1995] PATRIA (Pemuda Theravada Indonesia)

  11. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Pemuda Buddhis in Temanggung. Rebuilding a (Javanese) Buddhist community

  12. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Pemuda Buddhis in Temanggung

  13. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Pemuda Buddhis in Temanggung Context of its formation: Temanggung. » population 759.128 (2017) » 20 sub-regencies * »26% agriculture as main form of sustainment | 49% as secondary employment * » Muslim majority, with significant Christian and Buddhist minorities (about 5% and 2% respectively)* * Source: Badan Pusat Statistik Temanggung, 2016

  14. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Pemuda Buddhis in Temanggung Context of its formation: the local and the national » Post-Suharto decentralization → sprawling of discourses on local culture » Religionization of the public arena

  15. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination

  16. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination

  17. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination

  18. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Pemuda Buddhis in Temanggung Activites of Pemuda Buddhis: » Youth socialization (“safari vihara”, excursions)

  19. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Photo by Ana Sudirman

  20. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Pemuda Buddhis in Temanggung Activites of Pemuda Buddhis: » Youth socialization (“safari vihara”, excursions) » Community-centered economic activities

  21. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Pemuda Buddhis in Temanggung

  22. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Pemuda Buddhis in Temanggung Activites of Pemuda Buddhis: » Youth socialization (“safari vihara”, excursions) » Community-centered economic activities » Social media activism

  23. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Pemuda Buddhis in Temanggung Activites of Pemuda Buddhis: » Youth socialization (“safari vihara”, excursions) » Community-centered economic activities » Social media activism » Religious service

  24. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination

  25. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Pemuda Buddhis in Temanggung Formation of a Javanese Buddhism - Reviving “Javanese” Buddhist sites - Translating Buddhist scriptures into Javanese - “Buddhification” of Javanist rituals

  26. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination

  27. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination Conclusions

  28. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination A revival and a new religious movement Pemuda Buddhis hinging between Javanism and orthodox Buddhism » Youth as “middle way” agents » Historical imagination in the logics of the everyday. Technology of self-narration and fuel for action upon the world » Re-localizing Buddhism

  29. Pemuda Buddhis and the historical imagination References: Acri, Andrea. 2018. The Place of Nusantara in the Sanskritic Buddhist Cosmopolis. TraNS 6 (2): 139-166; Appadurai, Arjun. 1996. Modernity At Large. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press; Brown, Iem. 1987. Contemporary Indonesian Buddhism and Monotheism. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 18 (1): 108-117; Bucholtz, Mary. 2002. Youth and Cultural Practice. Annual Review of Anthropology 31 (1); Chladek, Michael. 2018. Constructing “the Middle”. Socialization of Monastic Youth in Buddhist Northern Thailand. Ethos 46 (2): 180-205; Day, Abby. 2013. The Problem of Generalizing Generation. Religion and Society: Advances in Research 4 (1): 109-124; Foulcher, Keith. 2000. Sumpah Pemuda: The Making and Meaning of a Symbol of Indonesian Nationhood. Asian Studies Review 24 (3): 377-410; Kandahjaya, Hudaya. 2016. Sam Hyan Kamahayanikan, Borobudur and the Origins of Esoteric Buddhism in Indonesia. Esoteric Buddhism in Mediaeval Maritime Southeast Asia, ed. Andrea Acri. Singapore: ISEAS; Keane, Webb. 2003. Self-interpretation, Agency and the Objects of Anthropology: Reflections on a Genealogy. Comparative Studies in Society and History 45 (2): 222-248; Ricklefs, Merle C. 2012. Islamization and its Opponents in Java. Singapore: NUS Press; Ryter, Loren. 1998. Pemuda Pancasila. Indonesia 66: 44-73. Severi, Carlo. 2015. The Chimera Principle. An Anthropology of Memory and Imagination.HAU; Sneath, David & Holbraad, Martin. 2009. Technologies of the Imagination. Ethnos 74 (1): 5-30; Van de Port, Mattijs & Meyer, Birgit. 2017. Sense and Essence: Heritage and the Cultural Production of the Real. Berghahn Books.

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