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Age of Napoleon. Early Life. Napoleon Bonaparte dominated French and European history from 1799-1815. Brought the French Revolution to an end in 1799 Born in Corsica 1769 Son of a lawyer who came from Florentine nobility Studied at a military school in France
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Early Life • Napoleon Bonaparte dominated French and European history from 1799-1815. • Brought the French Revolution to an end in 1799 • Born in Corsica 1769 • Son of a lawyer who came from Florentine nobility • Studied at a military school in France • 1785 became lieutenant in the French army • Studied philosophes and military campaigns of great military leaders
Early Life • 1792 captain of French army • 1794(25 yrs old) brigadier of Committee of Public Safety • 1796 commander of French army in Italy • Won confidence from his men • ability to make quick decisions • intelligence • ease with words • confidence in himself
Early Life • 1797 returned to France as a hero • Given job to command and train an army to invade Britain • He proposed to invade Egypt and threatening India • Major sources of British wealth • 1799 took part in Coup d'état and set up the consulate • New government • Napoleon controlled entire government as first consul • Made himself consul for life • Crowned himself Emperor
Domestic Policies • Created peace with the catholic church • Took the role of a different religion depending on where he was • Created seven codes of law • Civil Code (Napoleonic code) - recognized equality of all citizens • Choose their profession • Religious toleration • Abolition of serfdom and feudalism • Made it more difficult to get divorce if you were a woman
Bureaucracy • Hired officials • Didn’t matter if they were royal or revolutionary officials • Based on ability • Created new aristocracy • Only 22% were from old regime • 60% were middle class
Bureaucracy • Napoleon preserved ideas of the revolution • Civil code • Government careers to people on ability • Changed ideas as well • Shut down 60 of 73 newspapers in France • All manuscripts were subject to government scrutiny • Mail was opened by government police