Kingdom Animalia

1. Kingdom Animalia 1

2. Most are Motile Characteristic Of Animals No Cell Walls Heterotrophic Multicellular Eukaryotic 2

3. Animals are grouped according to the presence or absence of a backbone. Animals with backbones are called vertebrateswhile animals without backbones are called invertebrates. 3

4. 4 What must animal do in order to survive? • Feeding- Energy • Respiration- Exchange gases • Circulation- move materials around the body • Excretion- get rid of waste • Response- react to external stimuli. • Movement- Move from place to place. • Reproduction- create new organisms.

5. Symmetryis the arrangement of body parts around a central point or line. 5

6. InVertebrates 6

7. Phyla of invertebrates include • Porifera • Cnidarian • Flatworms • Roundworms • Segmented worms • Mollusks • Arthropods • Echinoderms in order of increasing complexity 7

8. Phylum Porifera 8

9. Simple, multi-cellular animals • No nervous system but some do react to stimuli by producing toxins. • Live attached to hard surface - sessile • Asymmetry • Filter Feeders 9

10. Clip • Ecology • Habitat for marine animals • Symbiotic relationships with • green algae & bacteria. 10

11. Clip Phylum Cnidaria 11

12. Medusa • Corals, Jellyfish, sea anemones, hydras • Have nerve cells-nerve net- that can sense the environment. Polyp • Can detect light through structures called ocelli. • Immobilize and kill prey with stinging cells on tentacles Body Plan Radial Symmetry Have tissues 12

14. Clip • Ecology: • Coral Reefs-Symbiosis with algae • Calcium Carbonate 13

15. Phylum Plathyhelminthes FLAT WORMS 14

16. Flatworms, liver flukes, tapeworms Usually parasitic can be free living and carnivores Can be aquatic or terrestrial 15

17. Body structure • Soft, Flattened • Have tissues and internal organs • Have a simple nervous system. • Bilaterally symmetrical • Gas exchange through skin. 16

18. Cool Fact! They can regenerate missing parts and even grow a new planaria from a piece of one! 17

19. Phylum Nematoda ROUND WORMS 18

20. Roundworms, hookworms free-living and parasitic aquatic and terrestrial Digestive system with two openings 19

21. Movement: Contracting muscles • Body • Unsegmented • Digestive system with two openings • Exchange gases through body walls-through diffusion 20

22. not for the squeamish

23. Diseases caused by roundworms: • Trichinosis • In humans, can be contracted by eating infected pork. • 5% of cases are fatal • Ascarid Worm: • Matures in the intestines of the host • Eating vegetables that are not washed • Hookworms • Soil • Walking barefoot • anemia, malnutrition, and in children causes under-development 22

24. Phylum Annelida SEGMENTED WORMS 23

25. Segmented, Bilateral symmetry • Two way gut • -Feed by sucking in soil and decaying matter • Closed system-blood vessels • Ex: Earthworms, leeches 24

27. Clip • Ecology: • Recycling in nature • Diet of many birds • Diet of fish 25

29. Phylum Mollusca 27

30. Latin mollus: “soft” • Examples: snails, slugs, clams, squids, and octopi. • 2nd Largest animal phylum on Earth • Almost all habitats • Soft-bodied animals, usually with a hard external shell. • Some have lost the shell completely. • Have internal organs • Shells are made of calcium carbonate 28

31. Feeding: • Can be herbivores, carnivores, filter feeders, detritivores, or parasites. Clip 29

32. Spiders, insects, centipedes, scorpions, shrimp, crabs, lobsters, butterflies Phylum Arthropoda 30

33. Major Characteristics: • Segmented bodies covered in an exoskeleton • of chitin(Carbohydrate). • Jointed appendages • Legs, antennae • Three segments: • Head, Thorax, Abdomen 31

35. Exoskeleton • Protection • Helps prevent water loss • Provides framework for muscle attachment • Does not grow. When the organism outgrows it, it molts. • Metamorphosis(Insects) • Adult stage and larval stage do not compete for food. • Feeding:Can be herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores. 33

36. Circulation • Open circulatory system • Well developed heart with arteries and vessels • Reproduction • Internal fertilization land or external Aquatic 34.1

37. Response • Well developed nervous system with brain • Sensitive organs such as eyes and taste receptors 34.2 Clip

38. Arthropod Diversity!! Clip 35

39. DOWNS • Termites destroy wood • Moths eat cloth • Locusts destroy crops • Cotton Boll Weevils • Mosquitoes and diseases • UPS • Bees, butterflies, etc., pollinate crops • Some produce silk, wax, honey • Food Insects and Humans 36 Termites

40. Insects and communication Sounds- chirps, buzz Light- Male fireflies Chemicals- Pheromones (mate, danger, or alert) Clip

41. Insect Societies • Complex group that works together for the good of the colony. • Different roles are preformed by groups called castes. • Each castes has a different body form to carry out their specific task. • Very sophisticated communication. • Bees Dance! • Ants leave pheromone trails. Carpenter ant castes, from left to right: queen, winged male, major worker, minor worker Clip

42. Phylum Echinodermata 37

43. “Spiny Skin” ~7,000 species Sea stars, sand dollars, and sea urchins Clip 38

44. Major Characteristics • All are aquatic-marine • Spiny skin • Internal Skeleton • Move with tube feet • “suction cup” • Sand dollars and sea urchins have moveable spines. 39

45. Feeding: • Various methods • Sea Star: • Pushes stomach out through its mouth (which is on the underside) into a clam and then digests. • Can regenerate missing parts 40

46. Clip • Ecology: • Major food source for other marine animals • Carnivorous echinoderms help control populations of clams • “Crown of Thorns” sea star destroys coral reef systems. 41

47. Review of the Invertebrates Clip