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Aquaculture in Africa. Contents. Why grow fish at all? Initial considerations before establishing a fish farm Different fish products – how to decide which product to grow and sell? The different concepts of how to establish a new fish-farming industry Risks involved within the industry
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Contents • Why grow fish at all? • Initial considerations before establishing a fish farm • Different fish products – how to decide which product to grow and sell? • The different concepts of how to establish a new fish-farming industry • Risks involved within the industry • Conclusions
Why grow fish at all? For decades now, the yield of fish originating from wild catch (fishing in the open seas, rivers and streams) has been constantly declining. Over-fishing has ruined many sea-bed areas which were once rich in fish and seafood. Source: Adapted from Pauly et al
Why grow fish at all? For this reason – many countries around the globe are encouraging and developing fish farming as a replacement for fishing. During the last few decades - Aquaculture has been the fastest growing agricultural field in the world. At the same time, the global demand for fresh fish and fish-products in general – is constantly growing. Source: Aqua-Bounty Technologies
Why grow fish at all? According to the United Nations – Food and Agriculture Organization • While aquaculture production was less than 1 million tons per year in the early 1950s, production in 2012 reached approximately 60 million tons, with a value of over US$100.5 billion • Aquaculture continues to be the fastest-growing animal-food-producing sector and to outpace population growth, with per capita supply from aquaculture increasing from 0.7 kg in 1970 to 8.2kg in 2012, an average annual growth rate of over 7%
Why grow fish at all? Community Benefits
Fish farming considerations • Identifying the target market • Defining the right species of fish to be grown • Selecting potential sites in a country most suitable for selected fish species • Selecting a method and the correct technology for desired fish farming
Fish farming considerations • Identifying your Target Market • The first step for any fish farming initiation must be the identification of the target market: This evaluation is crucial to help the investor decide whether or not there is a good basis to establish the industry.
Fish farming considerations • Defining the right species… • This is a particularly professional decision because it should consider many biological and technical questions such as:
Fish farming considerations • Potential sites for selected species… • Arguably the most complex decision to make before taking on such a project, in which various parameters have to be taken into consideration at this stage: • In fish farming, the relative advantages of a selected site can make the difference between the success and failure of the business.
Fish farming considerations • Methods and Technology • Selecting a farming method and the technology suitable for it should only be done by an Aquaculture expert, otherwise fundamental mistakes may lead to failure in farming: Circular fish farming cages: These cages will fit to lakes, without strong winds or high waves. There are other several types of cages which are suitable for fish farming in lakes. • Earthen ponds dug in the ground or ponds built on the ground, coated with special plastic sheets, or erected structures ponds.
Fish farming considerations • Different fish products – how to decide which product to grow & sell… • The two main fish products are Fresh Fish and Frozen Fish – the characteristics of each are described below: • The decision of which products should be produced must be based on a market study, but also on a business plan which takes all the other aspects into consideration, such as the additional requested investment, availability of infrastructure including electricity, transportation and skilled workers.
Establishing a fish-farm industry • The various concepts of how to establish a new fish farming industry… When establishing a new industry of Aquaculture or to upgrade an existing one (such as the case in Africa), – there is more than one way to do it. The considerations taken by the government of how to develop the industry, should take into consideration the following questions: 1 2 An interesting way to develop the industry is to establish Governmental Aquaculture Centers that produce & supply fingerlings and fish feed to small private farmers and provide aquaculture training for local fish farmers. Each of the farmers will have a small fish production unit, bringing a nice income through growing fish, and selling them fresh in local markets. This is specific for each location and is further considered in the business plan . 4 3
Industry Risks • The risks involved within the fish-farming industry… /kill An interesting way to develop the industry is to establish Governmental Aquaculture Centers that produce & supply fingerlings and fish feed to small private farmers and provide aquaculture training for local fish farmers. Each of the farmers will have a small fish production unit, bringing a nice income through growing fish, and selling them fresh in local markets. This is specific for each location and is further considered in the business plan .
Conclusions • Creating a new fish farming industry carries exciting and challenging business opportunties… specializing in providing the highest quality goods offering premium consultancy services during each step of the process planning & implementing the full production & marketing phase of the project An interesting way to develop the industry is to establish Governmental Aquaculture Centers that produce & supply fingerlings and fish feed to small private farmers and provide aquaculture training for local fish farmers. Each of the farmers will have a small fish production unit, bringing a nice income through growing fish, and selling them fresh in local markets. This is specific for each location and is further considered in the business plan .
